Title: Ajmer attracts Aryas
Link: http://gotaf.socialtwist.com/redirect?l=55279036534528605911
Friday, December 4, 2009
Monday, November 23, 2009
VISHWA VED SAMMELAN
AUM
WOMEN LEAD AT THE INTERNATIONAL VEDIC CONFERENCE
By Brigadier Chitranjan Sawant,VSM
There was a time in India, not long ago, when women were not permitted by the Hindu priests to read Vedas, the most ancient scriptures in the library of MAN. Indeed it was heartening to see that at the Gurukul Kangri University, Haridwar, at the Vedic Conference, out of 1500 research papers presented and read, more than half were those of women. Indeed a marvellous show it was. The credit for this socio-religious revolution goes to Maharishi Dayanand Saraswati who opened the doors to the Vedas to the entire mankind, irrespective of caste, creed, region or religion.
The Rishivar who wrote his commentary on the Vedas in Hindi, common man's language, said that the Vedas themselves give the right to ONE AND ALL to read the Ved Mantras and meditate. The Vedas, thereafter, became popular all over the country and later the world too.
The Gurukul was founded by Swami Shraddhanand, a disciple of Swami Dayanand and it has done a yeoman's service in the field of education. It has blossomed into a Deemed University and organises intellectual seminars and literary conferences on all issues and topics that serve the cause of education and ameliorate the living conditions of Man leading the humanity to health and happiness.
The delegates who had come from various universities of India were well looked after. They were well billeted, dined and were given food for thought too. The Ved sammelan was held from 20th November to 22nd November 09 on the premises of the Gurukul Kangri Vishwavidyalaya, Haridwar, India. It was a treat to the mind of man.
At the inauguration ceremony the chief guest was Swami Ramdev Maharaj. His august personality and his style of lecture impressed one and all. He was present at the Havan too at the yajnashala and made a short speech there also to bless the intelligentsia and common folks alike. Swami Ramdev Maharaj had invited all the delegates to his Ashram, the PATANJALI YOGPEETH, the campus hosts and boasts of a university too. The great Yoga Rishi regaled them with interesting anecdotes and Vedic tales. The Swami hosted a sumptuous vegetarian dinner and in the Vedic tradition gave a good DAKSHINA to one and all. The celebrites on the dais were honoured with a shawl each and literature on the Bharat Swabhiman Abhiyan and Vyavastha Parivartan was given too. It may be said that it was a unique experience of the Vedic delegates to have seen and heard Swami Ramdev Maharaj from close quarters. Indeed it was an experience of a lifetime, so said many delegates, both men and women.
Swami Satya Mitranand Saraswati was another guest of honour at the inaugural ceremony and his speech was a stirring one. He gave a clarion call to all Indians to rally round the OM DHWAJ to work for the betterment of Bharat Mata and root out corruption and terrorism plaguing the country at present.
The credit for making the Ved Sammelan a grand success goes to Professor Mahavir Ji, Head of the Sanskrit Department, Gurukul Kangri Vishwavidyaya and also Acharya of the Vishwavidyalaya, Prof Ved Prakash Shastri whose brainchild the Vishwa Ved sammelan was. Professor Swatantra Kumar, Kulpati of the Gurukul was the guiding hand and the leading light who made it a point to be everywhere where a major activity was going on. Of course, organising such a big event needed a team work and a good team of dedicated soldier-scholars was there working selflessly day and night. The dividing line between departments and faculties was obliterated as the Veda is the guiding light of one and all. Prof Rajendra Kumar of the Engineering Department, Dr Roop kishore of the Veda department or Dr Purohit of the Physics department, not forgetting Harish Gururani, baby of the Sanskrit department and now a Ph.D. himself – they all worked for the Veda sammelan as if they all belonged to the Veda department. Prof Mahavir who doubled as the compere at every function thanked them all and had all selfless team mates honoured at the Samapan Samaroh which was an in-house function. While we have made a mention of some stalwarts of the Veda Vibhag and the Sanskrit Vibhag, amention may be made of a delegate who like some others read his paper in Sanskrit. He was Dr Krishna Narain Pandey, Joint Director Rajbhasha in the Directorate general of AIR. He read his paper in simple Sanskrit which the non-Sanskrit knowing staff and students present in that session followed effortlessly. Another hallmark was that the delegates who nag presenters of papers were just silent in appreciation of Dr Pande’s Sanskrit.
The three -day Veda sammelan attracted scholars from France, America and some other countries too. Most of them said that they were non-resident Indians and had felt deeply attached to the Vedic dharm as propounded by Mahrishi Dayanand Saraswati. A feedback was taken by the organisors informally and it was found that there was no lacuna worth reporting. Among the delegates were Dr Pratibha Shukla and Dr Aruna Shukla, the former from Hariyana and the latter from the Punjab, who gave similar comments about their experiences and praised the sammelan for letting delegates have an interaction with saints and seers mentioned heretofore and scholars like Swami Govind Giri and a celebrity like Acharya Balkrishna ji, Vice-Chancellor of the Patanjali Yogpeeth Vishwavidyalaya, Maharishi Dayanand gram. Some media persons did go round tlaking to delegates freely about their trails and tribulations during the international Vedic conference but they drew a blank. Both the print and the electronic media had a word of praise for the good work done. Indeed the Hindi press was as supportive as ever and published many photographs and short interviews of non-celebrites too.
The soul of Swami Shraddhanand Ji, wherever and in whatever form it may be, will feel elated that the Veda prachar that he advocated through the Gurukulas from the Lahore days, is being successfully carried on by his favourite Gurukul Kangri that has blossomed into a deemed university where every department is committed to teaching the Vedic Thought enunciated by Maharishi Dayanand Saraswati.
On a successful completion of the three-day Vishwa Ved Sammelan, there was not even a single soul who would not say that the Gurukul Kangri gave him the Vedic knowledge and spiritual light and delight in three days what he had aspired for all his life. Indeed it was a delightful Vedic interaction and a gainful experience of a lifetime.
_______________________________
UPVANOM, 609, Sector 29, NOIDA-201303,INDIA. Mobile - 0091-9811173590.
WOMEN LEAD AT THE INTERNATIONAL VEDIC CONFERENCE
By Brigadier Chitranjan Sawant,VSM
There was a time in India, not long ago, when women were not permitted by the Hindu priests to read Vedas, the most ancient scriptures in the library of MAN. Indeed it was heartening to see that at the Gurukul Kangri University, Haridwar, at the Vedic Conference, out of 1500 research papers presented and read, more than half were those of women. Indeed a marvellous show it was. The credit for this socio-religious revolution goes to Maharishi Dayanand Saraswati who opened the doors to the Vedas to the entire mankind, irrespective of caste, creed, region or religion.
The Rishivar who wrote his commentary on the Vedas in Hindi, common man's language, said that the Vedas themselves give the right to ONE AND ALL to read the Ved Mantras and meditate. The Vedas, thereafter, became popular all over the country and later the world too.
The Gurukul was founded by Swami Shraddhanand, a disciple of Swami Dayanand and it has done a yeoman's service in the field of education. It has blossomed into a Deemed University and organises intellectual seminars and literary conferences on all issues and topics that serve the cause of education and ameliorate the living conditions of Man leading the humanity to health and happiness.
The delegates who had come from various universities of India were well looked after. They were well billeted, dined and were given food for thought too. The Ved sammelan was held from 20th November to 22nd November 09 on the premises of the Gurukul Kangri Vishwavidyalaya, Haridwar, India. It was a treat to the mind of man.
At the inauguration ceremony the chief guest was Swami Ramdev Maharaj. His august personality and his style of lecture impressed one and all. He was present at the Havan too at the yajnashala and made a short speech there also to bless the intelligentsia and common folks alike. Swami Ramdev Maharaj had invited all the delegates to his Ashram, the PATANJALI YOGPEETH, the campus hosts and boasts of a university too. The great Yoga Rishi regaled them with interesting anecdotes and Vedic tales. The Swami hosted a sumptuous vegetarian dinner and in the Vedic tradition gave a good DAKSHINA to one and all. The celebrites on the dais were honoured with a shawl each and literature on the Bharat Swabhiman Abhiyan and Vyavastha Parivartan was given too. It may be said that it was a unique experience of the Vedic delegates to have seen and heard Swami Ramdev Maharaj from close quarters. Indeed it was an experience of a lifetime, so said many delegates, both men and women.
Swami Satya Mitranand Saraswati was another guest of honour at the inaugural ceremony and his speech was a stirring one. He gave a clarion call to all Indians to rally round the OM DHWAJ to work for the betterment of Bharat Mata and root out corruption and terrorism plaguing the country at present.
The credit for making the Ved Sammelan a grand success goes to Professor Mahavir Ji, Head of the Sanskrit Department, Gurukul Kangri Vishwavidyaya and also Acharya of the Vishwavidyalaya, Prof Ved Prakash Shastri whose brainchild the Vishwa Ved sammelan was. Professor Swatantra Kumar, Kulpati of the Gurukul was the guiding hand and the leading light who made it a point to be everywhere where a major activity was going on. Of course, organising such a big event needed a team work and a good team of dedicated soldier-scholars was there working selflessly day and night. The dividing line between departments and faculties was obliterated as the Veda is the guiding light of one and all. Prof Rajendra Kumar of the Engineering Department, Dr Roop kishore of the Veda department or Dr Purohit of the Physics department, not forgetting Harish Gururani, baby of the Sanskrit department and now a Ph.D. himself – they all worked for the Veda sammelan as if they all belonged to the Veda department. Prof Mahavir who doubled as the compere at every function thanked them all and had all selfless team mates honoured at the Samapan Samaroh which was an in-house function. While we have made a mention of some stalwarts of the Veda Vibhag and the Sanskrit Vibhag, amention may be made of a delegate who like some others read his paper in Sanskrit. He was Dr Krishna Narain Pandey, Joint Director Rajbhasha in the Directorate general of AIR. He read his paper in simple Sanskrit which the non-Sanskrit knowing staff and students present in that session followed effortlessly. Another hallmark was that the delegates who nag presenters of papers were just silent in appreciation of Dr Pande’s Sanskrit.
The three -day Veda sammelan attracted scholars from France, America and some other countries too. Most of them said that they were non-resident Indians and had felt deeply attached to the Vedic dharm as propounded by Mahrishi Dayanand Saraswati. A feedback was taken by the organisors informally and it was found that there was no lacuna worth reporting. Among the delegates were Dr Pratibha Shukla and Dr Aruna Shukla, the former from Hariyana and the latter from the Punjab, who gave similar comments about their experiences and praised the sammelan for letting delegates have an interaction with saints and seers mentioned heretofore and scholars like Swami Govind Giri and a celebrity like Acharya Balkrishna ji, Vice-Chancellor of the Patanjali Yogpeeth Vishwavidyalaya, Maharishi Dayanand gram. Some media persons did go round tlaking to delegates freely about their trails and tribulations during the international Vedic conference but they drew a blank. Both the print and the electronic media had a word of praise for the good work done. Indeed the Hindi press was as supportive as ever and published many photographs and short interviews of non-celebrites too.
The soul of Swami Shraddhanand Ji, wherever and in whatever form it may be, will feel elated that the Veda prachar that he advocated through the Gurukulas from the Lahore days, is being successfully carried on by his favourite Gurukul Kangri that has blossomed into a deemed university where every department is committed to teaching the Vedic Thought enunciated by Maharishi Dayanand Saraswati.
On a successful completion of the three-day Vishwa Ved Sammelan, there was not even a single soul who would not say that the Gurukul Kangri gave him the Vedic knowledge and spiritual light and delight in three days what he had aspired for all his life. Indeed it was a delightful Vedic interaction and a gainful experience of a lifetime.
_______________________________
UPVANOM, 609, Sector 29, NOIDA-201303,INDIA. Mobile - 0091-9811173590.
Wednesday, October 28, 2009
A DOUBTING THOMAS
AUM
A DOUBTING THOMAS DESTROYS SELF AND SOCIETY
By Brigadier Chitranjan Sawant,VSM
This morning( 28 Oct 09) in Kabul, Afghanistan there were a number of bomb blasts and explosions of possibly IEDs or Improvised Explosive Devices that may be more deadly than the TNT or ordinary explosives. About 6 AM just before the crack of dawn, five or six Taliban terrorists entered a UN guest house where foreign employees of the United Nations were billeted. The guest house is located near the Presidential Palace of Hamid Karzai in a high security zone. There was a lot of gunfire of automatic weapons accompanied by explosions. Six to seven foreigners were killed on the spot and on top of that three UN employees were also done to death. In a separate incident the Taliban terrorists attacked a hotel frequented by foreigners and destroyed whatever they could lay their hands on. The sound of gunfire and explosions could be heard much after the security forces and the Afghan police had arrived on the scene.
The Taliban terrorists took the responsibility of this carnage and also said that this was just a curtain raiser of the actual play of theirs that they were staging just ten days before the run off of the presidential polls. Apparently the terrorists have the upper hand in Afghanistan and not only call the shots but can strike at will wherever and whenever they wish to. Capital city Kabul with numerous security rings is no exception. One may recall that the US forces led NATO have been in Afghanistan for eight years now and there have been many think tanks advising the local commanders how to prosecute the war. There is neither dearth of arms and ammunition nor of transport facility with the NATO forces. And yet the rag-tag local militia of Afghans is neither overawed nor deterred by the might of America. It is the US four- star general who petitions his President for a surge of forces to the tune of 40,000.The President of the United States is dithering. The Afghans may be aided and abetted by other terror groups from Pakistan, Chechnia, Palestine and so on but they have not gone public with the crying need for more militants or modern weapon system. It is a point to ponder.
WHO IS THE DOUBTING THOMAS
President George Bush had decided to intervene in the situation then obtaining in Afghanistan. The ghastly attacks on the American twin towers in New York had taken place and it dealt a massive blow to the American prestige besides causing loss of life and property. The American Intelligence gave proof that the 9/11 attack on America was planned by the Al Qaida, assisted by the Taliban, in Afghanistan by foes of America led by Osama bin-Laden. It was, therefore, decided to destroy the haven of terror so that there is no repetition of 9/11 attack. After arrival of the US forces, the terror hub shifted to Pakistan from Afghanistan and the present friends of Americans, that is Pakistan aided and abetted the dreaded foe, the Al Qaida and the Taliban. The Pakistan Army even provided a safe passage to the Al Qaida and the Taliban from the Tora-Bora caves in Afghanistan to the new haven in AFPAK borders. The difficult terrain there became a safe shelter for the Islamist terrorists. The situation is no different now. Osama roams around in those hills, dales, ravines and dry creeks as a free man. The Pakistan government accepted huge amounts of American money without delivering the goods. The main aim of Pakistan was to gain modern weapon system and money that it could use against India as it had been doing all along. Thus what commenced as a HALAL turned into a HARAM because of Pakistan’s intentions to cheat on their friend, USA. The Americans could see through the Pakistan’s game but they had no choice as they needed an Islamic country to support them in staying on in Afghanistan and Iraq. The nagging doubt about intention of Pakistan lingered on. Indeed that explains so many riders on the massive aid to Pakistan now in 2009, mainly to ensure that it is used for fighting against terror, and not for stockpiling arms and ammunition to be used against India at a later date.
DETERMINATION TO EXTERMINATE TERROR
Selection of AIM is the most important factor before going to war. Maintenance of AIM is equally important. Having done that the commanders at all levels and subsequently the troops have to plan, prepare and prosecute WAR on TERROR with determination. One need not entertain doubt about the ethics of war or about the outcome of war. Doing that at any stage after the battle has been joined is like handing over the victory to the enemy on a silver platter. The commander and his soldiers have to go on fighting with determination irrespective of the strength of the enemy or the tactics that the enemy is using. Indeed, a change in the battle plan may be effected but no one should question the very idea of waging a war on terror. This kind of question will amount to blasphemy and must not be permitted. The other day an ex-Marine Captain and now a diplomat, Hoh, resigned from service because he thought that the presence of Americans in Afghanistan was promoting terrorism instead of destroying it. He wanted his country to quit the scene. What a disastrous course of action he is suggesting at this stage?
The American public back home always pressed for termination of war. “Bring the Boys Home”, that has been the slogan. One may recall that similar slogans were raised during the Vietnam war. Doubts about American success were expressed every now and then. The US forces pulled out and the Americans lost the war. The Islamist terrorists are paying attention to propaganda so that lurking doubts in American minds forces the President of the United States to withdraw from Afghanistan. The doubting Thomas would hand over Afghanistan to Islamist terrorists and Pakistan would control them as was the case after the Soviet withdrawal.
Yogeshwar Shri Krishna,agreat leader and a patriot to his finger tips, has given the most sagacious advice to a Yodha or a warrior and a Senapati or commander-in-chief like Arjuna who was dithering from killing the enemy, in these words :
“HATO WA PRAPSYASI SWARGAM, JITWA WA BHOKSHYASE MAHIM
TASMAAD UTTISHTHA KAUNTEYA, YUDHYAY KRIT NISHCHAYAH”
Shri Krishna, a great statesman and master of statecraft advised Arjuna, the famous archer that when you join a battle, either you are slain and then your soul goes to Heaven or you win and then enjoy the fruits of victory in the form of perks and privileges offered by a State, and, therefore, arise you son of Kunti and WAGE WAR WITH DETERMINATION’.
The emphasis is on Determination – a warrior must fight and defeat the enemy. At the stage of joining a battle, one must not entertain any doubt about its legitimacy or outcome.
In Afghanistan during the last couple of years, Americans spent more time and energy about making plans to go home than on exterminating the Taliban terrorists. The Afghan war has never been considered seriously as an American war. On the other hand, the Al Qaida and the Taliban terrorists fought before and have been fighting now with determination because the Afghan war will make them or break them. Their future lies in winning the war in Afghanistan and, therefore, the terrorists have put their heart and soul in it.
UPVAN 609, Sector 29, NOIDA – 201303, INDIA. Mobile : 0091-9811173590.
Email : sawantg.chitranjan@gmail.com. Phone – 0091-120-2454622.
A DOUBTING THOMAS DESTROYS SELF AND SOCIETY
By Brigadier Chitranjan Sawant,VSM
This morning( 28 Oct 09) in Kabul, Afghanistan there were a number of bomb blasts and explosions of possibly IEDs or Improvised Explosive Devices that may be more deadly than the TNT or ordinary explosives. About 6 AM just before the crack of dawn, five or six Taliban terrorists entered a UN guest house where foreign employees of the United Nations were billeted. The guest house is located near the Presidential Palace of Hamid Karzai in a high security zone. There was a lot of gunfire of automatic weapons accompanied by explosions. Six to seven foreigners were killed on the spot and on top of that three UN employees were also done to death. In a separate incident the Taliban terrorists attacked a hotel frequented by foreigners and destroyed whatever they could lay their hands on. The sound of gunfire and explosions could be heard much after the security forces and the Afghan police had arrived on the scene.
The Taliban terrorists took the responsibility of this carnage and also said that this was just a curtain raiser of the actual play of theirs that they were staging just ten days before the run off of the presidential polls. Apparently the terrorists have the upper hand in Afghanistan and not only call the shots but can strike at will wherever and whenever they wish to. Capital city Kabul with numerous security rings is no exception. One may recall that the US forces led NATO have been in Afghanistan for eight years now and there have been many think tanks advising the local commanders how to prosecute the war. There is neither dearth of arms and ammunition nor of transport facility with the NATO forces. And yet the rag-tag local militia of Afghans is neither overawed nor deterred by the might of America. It is the US four- star general who petitions his President for a surge of forces to the tune of 40,000.The President of the United States is dithering. The Afghans may be aided and abetted by other terror groups from Pakistan, Chechnia, Palestine and so on but they have not gone public with the crying need for more militants or modern weapon system. It is a point to ponder.
WHO IS THE DOUBTING THOMAS
President George Bush had decided to intervene in the situation then obtaining in Afghanistan. The ghastly attacks on the American twin towers in New York had taken place and it dealt a massive blow to the American prestige besides causing loss of life and property. The American Intelligence gave proof that the 9/11 attack on America was planned by the Al Qaida, assisted by the Taliban, in Afghanistan by foes of America led by Osama bin-Laden. It was, therefore, decided to destroy the haven of terror so that there is no repetition of 9/11 attack. After arrival of the US forces, the terror hub shifted to Pakistan from Afghanistan and the present friends of Americans, that is Pakistan aided and abetted the dreaded foe, the Al Qaida and the Taliban. The Pakistan Army even provided a safe passage to the Al Qaida and the Taliban from the Tora-Bora caves in Afghanistan to the new haven in AFPAK borders. The difficult terrain there became a safe shelter for the Islamist terrorists. The situation is no different now. Osama roams around in those hills, dales, ravines and dry creeks as a free man. The Pakistan government accepted huge amounts of American money without delivering the goods. The main aim of Pakistan was to gain modern weapon system and money that it could use against India as it had been doing all along. Thus what commenced as a HALAL turned into a HARAM because of Pakistan’s intentions to cheat on their friend, USA. The Americans could see through the Pakistan’s game but they had no choice as they needed an Islamic country to support them in staying on in Afghanistan and Iraq. The nagging doubt about intention of Pakistan lingered on. Indeed that explains so many riders on the massive aid to Pakistan now in 2009, mainly to ensure that it is used for fighting against terror, and not for stockpiling arms and ammunition to be used against India at a later date.
DETERMINATION TO EXTERMINATE TERROR
Selection of AIM is the most important factor before going to war. Maintenance of AIM is equally important. Having done that the commanders at all levels and subsequently the troops have to plan, prepare and prosecute WAR on TERROR with determination. One need not entertain doubt about the ethics of war or about the outcome of war. Doing that at any stage after the battle has been joined is like handing over the victory to the enemy on a silver platter. The commander and his soldiers have to go on fighting with determination irrespective of the strength of the enemy or the tactics that the enemy is using. Indeed, a change in the battle plan may be effected but no one should question the very idea of waging a war on terror. This kind of question will amount to blasphemy and must not be permitted. The other day an ex-Marine Captain and now a diplomat, Hoh, resigned from service because he thought that the presence of Americans in Afghanistan was promoting terrorism instead of destroying it. He wanted his country to quit the scene. What a disastrous course of action he is suggesting at this stage?
The American public back home always pressed for termination of war. “Bring the Boys Home”, that has been the slogan. One may recall that similar slogans were raised during the Vietnam war. Doubts about American success were expressed every now and then. The US forces pulled out and the Americans lost the war. The Islamist terrorists are paying attention to propaganda so that lurking doubts in American minds forces the President of the United States to withdraw from Afghanistan. The doubting Thomas would hand over Afghanistan to Islamist terrorists and Pakistan would control them as was the case after the Soviet withdrawal.
Yogeshwar Shri Krishna,agreat leader and a patriot to his finger tips, has given the most sagacious advice to a Yodha or a warrior and a Senapati or commander-in-chief like Arjuna who was dithering from killing the enemy, in these words :
“HATO WA PRAPSYASI SWARGAM, JITWA WA BHOKSHYASE MAHIM
TASMAAD UTTISHTHA KAUNTEYA, YUDHYAY KRIT NISHCHAYAH”
Shri Krishna, a great statesman and master of statecraft advised Arjuna, the famous archer that when you join a battle, either you are slain and then your soul goes to Heaven or you win and then enjoy the fruits of victory in the form of perks and privileges offered by a State, and, therefore, arise you son of Kunti and WAGE WAR WITH DETERMINATION’.
The emphasis is on Determination – a warrior must fight and defeat the enemy. At the stage of joining a battle, one must not entertain any doubt about its legitimacy or outcome.
In Afghanistan during the last couple of years, Americans spent more time and energy about making plans to go home than on exterminating the Taliban terrorists. The Afghan war has never been considered seriously as an American war. On the other hand, the Al Qaida and the Taliban terrorists fought before and have been fighting now with determination because the Afghan war will make them or break them. Their future lies in winning the war in Afghanistan and, therefore, the terrorists have put their heart and soul in it.
UPVAN 609, Sector 29, NOIDA – 201303, INDIA. Mobile : 0091-9811173590.
Email : sawantg.chitranjan@gmail.com. Phone – 0091-120-2454622.
Sunday, October 25, 2009
PAKISTAN - A COUNTRY DIVIDED AGAINST ITSELF
AUM
A COUNTRY DIVIDED AGAINST ITSELF
By Brigadier Chitranjan Sawant,VSM
Pakistan is at war. It is not a declared war but everyone, one and all, both the natives and the foreigners know that a war is going on. The Pakistan Army is dead serious on eliminating the menace of terrorism. However, other citizens like teachers, bureaucrats and ordinary citizens are not convinced that the Army is serious about its business vis-a-vis terrorism. Nevertheless, in the heart and mind, a guide escorting some brave foreign tourists is convinced that this is not the best of times to see Taxila’s Buddhist university of yore or the Anarkali Bazar of Lahore today. But he has to earn his daily bread and this is the cleanest way of doing so.
WHERE IS THE ENEMY
It is an undeclared war. No unit has identified an enemy. A circular floated by General Headquarters has just arrived. It defines the enemy and asks all ranks not to have any dealings with the defined enemy. A person, male or female of any age, who challenges the concept and formation of Pakistan and is waging a war against Pakistan or is prepared to wage a war, and with this common intent assembles and organises them to go on a raid to destabilise the country, will be called an enemy of the State of Pakistan and will be brought before a court of law to stand trial. On conviction, such a person will be hanged till death. The body will be handed over to the next of kin for performance of last rites.
Who runs the government of Pakistan? It is a sensitive issue and is never discussed in an open space. In the lighter vein, one may say that three A’s run the show –America, Army and Allah –and in the same order of importance. America has loosened its purse strings and gives a soft loan to Pakistan to the tune of 1.25 billion dollars per year. He who pays the piper, dictates the tune – the age old saying is true to situation even today. Army has run the government most of the time since independence and knows the finer nuances of administration. One of the major reasons why the Pakistan army lost the 1971 war and surrendered unconditionally to India was their distaste for the devilish business of fighting and their penchant for a cushy job like governance of the country. Be that as it may, the Pakistan Army still runs the show by using remote control. There is a civil administration with a President, a Prime Minister and an elected legislature. They know their limitations and do not wish to cross the Lakshman Rekha. No one in his senses expects a powerful Army Chief like General Ashfaq Pervez Kayani to take orders from a playboy President, Asif Ali Zardari. In any case, the two are not on talking terms.
Thus here is a government where the right hand does not know what the left is doing. Here is a country where the people are badly divided on sectarian lines like the Shiite, the Sunni, the Ahmediyas and what have you. The minorities like the Hindus, the Sikhs and the Christians do not matter in Pakistan. Their national flag has a white strip to represent the hapless minorities and that is the end of it. The residents of the tribal belt come under a separate administration called the FATA or Federally Administered Tribal Areas. The British in India had kept them divided so that they gain no political strength. Since Independence on 14 August 1947, the government of Pakistan made no endeavour to improve their educational, economic or political condition and they are where they were more than 62 years ago. Since no effort was made for their integration, the process of disintegration gained momentum. The tribes like Mehsuds, Waziri, Yusufzai, Tadjiks and what have you who were fiercely independent by nature gained more momentum through the barrel of the gun. The British Indian Army of the undivided India had found it difficult to control what is now called FATA through force and they bought their silence through hard cash. The situation is no better now; rather it is worse. The invisible enemy lies in wait for the regular army in the hills and dales, jungles and ravines of the unforgiving terrain of Waziristan.
WATERLOO OF FOREIGN FORCES
Alexander’s invincible phalanxes had found it difficult to hold the ground in the areas called FATA today. The mighty Mughals ruling from Delhi lost the humorist general, Raja Birbal in the process of suppressing the revolt of these tribal people. The tribal loyalties are strong and the entire tribe goes out to the rescue of an individual or a family in distress. Even Tadjiks and Waziris come to the active aid of Mehsuds, notwithstanding tribal rivalries. Of late, Pakistan had been trying hard to play one tribe against the other but had no appreciable success. With modern system of surveillance, an organised regular army has gained more strength. Baitullah Mehsud, the tribal chief and head of the Tehrik-e-Taliban Pakistan was thus killed by a missile fired from an American drone while sleeping in the open terrace with his young second wife. While making an attempt to sire a son, he lost his life. His place is now taken over by Hakimullah Mehsud who has vowed a revenge for loss of his predecessor.
As is well known to those who have been following the strategy of the Taliban and the Pakistan Army, it is the United States of America that had been pressurising the Pakistan government to make a decision to eliminate the Taliban leadership and proceed against Islamist terrorism with determination. The Americans increased the aid money to Pakistan but kept an eye on the recipients ’budgeting. It is an open secret that General Kayani is unhappy with the strings attached to the US aid and was in favour of declining to accept it. President Zardari, however, did not wish to alienate the Americans and has accepted both the aid and strings. The US pressure on Pakistan worked and in June 2009 a firm decision was taken to fight it out with a one-time brothers-in-arms, the Taliban. However, it took time to mobilise two divisions of 28000 men and deploy them in the battle zone. Thus it was not until 16 October 09 that a ground attack code named “ Rahe Nijaat”or Road of Deliverance, was launched. The air attacks by helicopter gunships and fighter jets had been going on for quite some time. The troops were needed to hold the ground snatched from the Taliban. Should the Pakistan Army make a decision to penetrate deep into the jungles or the hills and dry ravines, they will have to constantly keep an eye on the Terrain, the Weather and the attitude of non-Mehsud tribes towards the ongoing armed confrontation. The winter is not far behind and a snowfall may be expected in November-December 2009.
PROGRESS OF BATTLE
Let us admit right at the beginning that there is no transparency in the battle procedure and progress of battle. The whole process is opaque. The press briefing by the PRO confuses the scribes more and removes doubts less. Whatever little information comes out of the battle zone is rather scanty and paints only the army in good light. The Taliban is shown as the losing force. However, the press corps knows that had the Army been so efficient and powerful, the Taliban would have been exterminated long ago. But they are still alive and kicking. The government spokesman says that only 17 soldiers lost their life but more than 90 Taliban were killed in a fierce fire fight. Anyway, the media has no means of checking the truth or otherwise of this report.
Some refugees who came out of the dense jungles and ravines did mention that most of the residential areas have been vacated by the local tribesmen. At the same time they did not confirm any large scale movement of army officers and soldiers on footpaths or cart roads leading into the ravines and broken terrain. One may safely surmise that the fierce hand to hand battle between the army men and the tribesmen has not yet begun. It may be mentioned that in 2004 and twice thereafter the Pakistan army had closed in on the tribal people but they were beaten back by the tribal fighters. The Army Headquarters was forced to negotiate and propitiate the tribal fighters every time. Naturally, the Pakistan army officers and soldiers did not cover themselves with glory in these face offs. No wonder, the Army is still testing the waters before taking a plunge. The million dollar question is; how long?
Since the Wajiristan warfront is getting more and more opaque, we have little choice but to sign off for now. We promise to return when there is some worthwhile report to bring to our readers who are real connoisseurs of news and views.
UPVAN, 609, Sector 29, NOIDA – 201303, INDIA. Mobile 0091-9811173590.
Email : sawantg.chitranjan@gmail.com Phone ; 0091-120-2454622.
A COUNTRY DIVIDED AGAINST ITSELF
By Brigadier Chitranjan Sawant,VSM
Pakistan is at war. It is not a declared war but everyone, one and all, both the natives and the foreigners know that a war is going on. The Pakistan Army is dead serious on eliminating the menace of terrorism. However, other citizens like teachers, bureaucrats and ordinary citizens are not convinced that the Army is serious about its business vis-a-vis terrorism. Nevertheless, in the heart and mind, a guide escorting some brave foreign tourists is convinced that this is not the best of times to see Taxila’s Buddhist university of yore or the Anarkali Bazar of Lahore today. But he has to earn his daily bread and this is the cleanest way of doing so.
WHERE IS THE ENEMY
It is an undeclared war. No unit has identified an enemy. A circular floated by General Headquarters has just arrived. It defines the enemy and asks all ranks not to have any dealings with the defined enemy. A person, male or female of any age, who challenges the concept and formation of Pakistan and is waging a war against Pakistan or is prepared to wage a war, and with this common intent assembles and organises them to go on a raid to destabilise the country, will be called an enemy of the State of Pakistan and will be brought before a court of law to stand trial. On conviction, such a person will be hanged till death. The body will be handed over to the next of kin for performance of last rites.
Who runs the government of Pakistan? It is a sensitive issue and is never discussed in an open space. In the lighter vein, one may say that three A’s run the show –America, Army and Allah –and in the same order of importance. America has loosened its purse strings and gives a soft loan to Pakistan to the tune of 1.25 billion dollars per year. He who pays the piper, dictates the tune – the age old saying is true to situation even today. Army has run the government most of the time since independence and knows the finer nuances of administration. One of the major reasons why the Pakistan army lost the 1971 war and surrendered unconditionally to India was their distaste for the devilish business of fighting and their penchant for a cushy job like governance of the country. Be that as it may, the Pakistan Army still runs the show by using remote control. There is a civil administration with a President, a Prime Minister and an elected legislature. They know their limitations and do not wish to cross the Lakshman Rekha. No one in his senses expects a powerful Army Chief like General Ashfaq Pervez Kayani to take orders from a playboy President, Asif Ali Zardari. In any case, the two are not on talking terms.
Thus here is a government where the right hand does not know what the left is doing. Here is a country where the people are badly divided on sectarian lines like the Shiite, the Sunni, the Ahmediyas and what have you. The minorities like the Hindus, the Sikhs and the Christians do not matter in Pakistan. Their national flag has a white strip to represent the hapless minorities and that is the end of it. The residents of the tribal belt come under a separate administration called the FATA or Federally Administered Tribal Areas. The British in India had kept them divided so that they gain no political strength. Since Independence on 14 August 1947, the government of Pakistan made no endeavour to improve their educational, economic or political condition and they are where they were more than 62 years ago. Since no effort was made for their integration, the process of disintegration gained momentum. The tribes like Mehsuds, Waziri, Yusufzai, Tadjiks and what have you who were fiercely independent by nature gained more momentum through the barrel of the gun. The British Indian Army of the undivided India had found it difficult to control what is now called FATA through force and they bought their silence through hard cash. The situation is no better now; rather it is worse. The invisible enemy lies in wait for the regular army in the hills and dales, jungles and ravines of the unforgiving terrain of Waziristan.
WATERLOO OF FOREIGN FORCES
Alexander’s invincible phalanxes had found it difficult to hold the ground in the areas called FATA today. The mighty Mughals ruling from Delhi lost the humorist general, Raja Birbal in the process of suppressing the revolt of these tribal people. The tribal loyalties are strong and the entire tribe goes out to the rescue of an individual or a family in distress. Even Tadjiks and Waziris come to the active aid of Mehsuds, notwithstanding tribal rivalries. Of late, Pakistan had been trying hard to play one tribe against the other but had no appreciable success. With modern system of surveillance, an organised regular army has gained more strength. Baitullah Mehsud, the tribal chief and head of the Tehrik-e-Taliban Pakistan was thus killed by a missile fired from an American drone while sleeping in the open terrace with his young second wife. While making an attempt to sire a son, he lost his life. His place is now taken over by Hakimullah Mehsud who has vowed a revenge for loss of his predecessor.
As is well known to those who have been following the strategy of the Taliban and the Pakistan Army, it is the United States of America that had been pressurising the Pakistan government to make a decision to eliminate the Taliban leadership and proceed against Islamist terrorism with determination. The Americans increased the aid money to Pakistan but kept an eye on the recipients ’budgeting. It is an open secret that General Kayani is unhappy with the strings attached to the US aid and was in favour of declining to accept it. President Zardari, however, did not wish to alienate the Americans and has accepted both the aid and strings. The US pressure on Pakistan worked and in June 2009 a firm decision was taken to fight it out with a one-time brothers-in-arms, the Taliban. However, it took time to mobilise two divisions of 28000 men and deploy them in the battle zone. Thus it was not until 16 October 09 that a ground attack code named “ Rahe Nijaat”or Road of Deliverance, was launched. The air attacks by helicopter gunships and fighter jets had been going on for quite some time. The troops were needed to hold the ground snatched from the Taliban. Should the Pakistan Army make a decision to penetrate deep into the jungles or the hills and dry ravines, they will have to constantly keep an eye on the Terrain, the Weather and the attitude of non-Mehsud tribes towards the ongoing armed confrontation. The winter is not far behind and a snowfall may be expected in November-December 2009.
PROGRESS OF BATTLE
Let us admit right at the beginning that there is no transparency in the battle procedure and progress of battle. The whole process is opaque. The press briefing by the PRO confuses the scribes more and removes doubts less. Whatever little information comes out of the battle zone is rather scanty and paints only the army in good light. The Taliban is shown as the losing force. However, the press corps knows that had the Army been so efficient and powerful, the Taliban would have been exterminated long ago. But they are still alive and kicking. The government spokesman says that only 17 soldiers lost their life but more than 90 Taliban were killed in a fierce fire fight. Anyway, the media has no means of checking the truth or otherwise of this report.
Some refugees who came out of the dense jungles and ravines did mention that most of the residential areas have been vacated by the local tribesmen. At the same time they did not confirm any large scale movement of army officers and soldiers on footpaths or cart roads leading into the ravines and broken terrain. One may safely surmise that the fierce hand to hand battle between the army men and the tribesmen has not yet begun. It may be mentioned that in 2004 and twice thereafter the Pakistan army had closed in on the tribal people but they were beaten back by the tribal fighters. The Army Headquarters was forced to negotiate and propitiate the tribal fighters every time. Naturally, the Pakistan army officers and soldiers did not cover themselves with glory in these face offs. No wonder, the Army is still testing the waters before taking a plunge. The million dollar question is; how long?
Since the Wajiristan warfront is getting more and more opaque, we have little choice but to sign off for now. We promise to return when there is some worthwhile report to bring to our readers who are real connoisseurs of news and views.
UPVAN, 609, Sector 29, NOIDA – 201303, INDIA. Mobile 0091-9811173590.
Email : sawantg.chitranjan@gmail.com Phone ; 0091-120-2454622.
Saturday, October 24, 2009
PAKISTAN - A COUNTRY DIVIDED AGAINST ITSELF
AUM
A COUNTRY DIVIDED AGAINST ITSELF
By Brigadier Chitranjan Sawant,VSM
Pakistan is at war. It is not a declared war but everyone, one and all, both the natives and the foreigners know that a war is going on. The Pakistan Army is dead serious on eliminating the menace of terrorism. However, other citizens like teachers, bureaucrats and ordinary citizens are not convinced that the Army is serious about its business vis-a-vis terrorism. Nevertheless, in the heart and mind, a guide escorting some brave foreign tourists is convinced that this is not the best of times to see Taxila’s Buddhist university of yore or the Anarkali Bazar of Lahore today. But he has to earn his daily bread and this is the cleanest way of doing so.
WHERE IS THE ENEMY
It is an undeclared war. No unit has identified an enemy. A circular floated by General Headquarters has just arrived. It defines the enemy and asks all ranks not to have any dealings with the defined enemy. A person, male or female of any age, who challenges the concept and formation of Pakistan and is waging a war against Pakistan or is prepared to wage a war, and with this common intent assembles and organises them to go on a raid to destabilise the country, will be called an enemy of the State of Pakistan and will be brought before a court of law to stand trial. On conviction, such a person will be hanged till death. The body will be handed over to the next of kin for performance of last rites.
Who runs the government of Pakistan? It is a sensitive issue and is never discussed in an open space. In the lighter vein, one may say that three A’s run the show –America, Army and Allah –and in the same order of importance. America has loosened its purse strings and gives a soft loan to Pakistan to the tune of 1.25 billion dollars per year. He who pays the piper, dictates the tune – the age old saying is true to situation even today. Army has run the government most of the time since independence and knows the finer nuances of administration. One of the major reasons why the Pakistan army lost the 1971 war and surrendered unconditionally to India was their distaste for the devilish business of fighting and their penchant for a cushy job like governance of the country. Be that as it may, the Pakistan Army still runs the show by using remote control. There is a civil administration with a President, a Prime Minister and an elected legislature. They know their limitations and do not wish to cross the Lakshman Rekha. No one in his senses expects a powerful Army Chief like General Ashfaq Pervez Kayani to take orders from a playboy President, Asif Ali Zardari. In any case, the two are not on talking terms.
Thus here is a government where the right hand does not know what the left is doing. Here is a country where the people are badly divided on sectarian lines like the Shiite, the Sunni, the Ahmediyas and what have you. The minorities like the Hindus, the Sikhs and the Christians do not matter in Pakistan. Their national flag has a white strip to represent the hapless minorities and that is the end of it. The residents of the tribal belt come under a separate administration called the FATA or Federally Administered Tribal Areas. The British in India had kept them divided so that they gain no political strength. Since Independence on 14 August 1947, the government of Pakistan made no endeavour to improve their educational, economic or political condition and they are where they were more than 62 years ago. Since no effort was made for their integration, the process of disintegration gained momentum. The tribes like Mehsuds, Waziri, Yusufzai, Tadjiks and what have you who were fiercely independent by nature gained more momentum through the barrel of the gun. The British Indian Army of the undivided India had found it difficult to control what is now called FATA through force and they bought their silence through hard cash. The situation is no better now; rather it is worse. The invisible enemy lies in wait for the regular army in the hills and dales, jungles and ravines of the unforgiving terrain of Waziristan.
WATERLOO OF FOREIGN FORCES
Alexander’s invincible phalanxes had found it difficult to hold the ground in the areas called FATA today. The mighty Mughals ruling from Delhi lost the humorist general, Raja Birbal in the process of suppressing the revolt of these tribal people. The tribal loyalties are strong and the entire tribe goes out to the rescue of an individual or a family in distress. Even Tadjiks and Waziris come to the active aid of Mehsuds, notwithstanding tribal rivalries. Of late, Pakistan had been trying hard to play one tribe against the other but had no appreciable success. With modern system of surveillance, an organised regular army has gained more strength. Baitullah Mehsud, the tribal chief and head of the Tehrik-e-Taliban Pakistan was thus killed by a missile fired from an American drone while sleeping in the open terrace with his young second wife. While making an attempt to sire a son, he lost his life. His place is now taken over by Hakimullah Mehsud who has vowed a revenge for loss of his predecessor.
As is well known to those who have been following the strategy of the Taliban and the Pakistan Army, it is the United States of America that had been pressurising the Pakistan government to make a decision to eliminate the Taliban leadership and proceed against Islamist terrorism with determination. The Americans increased the aid money to Pakistan but kept an eye on the recipients ’budgeting. It is an open secret that General Kayani is unhappy with the strings attached to the US aid and was in favour of declining to accept it. President Zardari, however, did not wish to alienate the Americans and has accepted both the aid and strings. The US pressure on Pakistan worked and in June 2009 a firm decision was taken to fight it out with a one-time brothers-in-arms, the Taliban. However, it took time to mobilise two divisions of 28000 men and deploy them in the battle zone. Thus it was not until 16 October 09 that a ground attack code named “ Rahe Nijaat”or Road of Deliverance, was launched. The air attacks by helicopter gunships and fighter jets had been going on for quite some time. The troops were needed to hold the ground snatched from the Taliban. Should the Pakistan Army make a decision to penetrate deep into the jungles or the hills and dry ravines, they will have to constantly keep an eye on the Terrain, the Weather and the attitude of non-Mehsud tribes towards the ongoing armed confrontation. The winter is not far behind and a snowfall may be expected in November-December 2009.
PROGRESS OF BATTLE
Let us admit right at the beginning that there is no transparency in the battle procedure and progress of battle. The whole process is opaque. The press briefing by the PRO confuses the scribes more and removes doubts less. Whatever little information comes out of the battle zone is rather scanty and paints only the army in good light. The Taliban is shown as the losing force. However, the press corps knows that had the Army been so efficient and powerful, the Taliban would have been exterminated long ago. But they are still alive and kicking. The government spokesman says that only 17 soldiers lost their life but more than 90 Taliban were killed in a fierce fire fight. Anyway, the media has no means of checking the truth or otherwise of this report.
Some refugees who came out of the dense jungles and ravines did mention that most of the residential areas have been vacated by the local tribesmen. At the same time they did not confirm any large scale movement of army officers and soldiers on footpaths or cart roads leading into the ravines and broken terrain. One may safely surmise that the fierce hand to hand battle between the army men and the tribesmen has not yet begun. It may be mentioned that in 2004 and twice thereafter the Pakistan army had closed in on the tribal people but they were beaten back by the tribal fighters. The Army Headquarters was forced to negotiate and propitiate the tribal fighters every time. Naturally, the Pakistan army officers and soldiers did not cover themselves with glory in these face offs. No wonder, the Army is still testing the waters before taking a plunge. The million dollar question is; how long?
Since the Wajiristan warfront is getting more and more opaque, we have little choice but to sign off for now. We promise to return when there is some worthwhile report to bring to our readers who are real connoisseurs of news and views.
UPVAN, 609, Sector 29, NOIDA – 201303, INDIA. Mobile 0091-9811173590.
Email : sawantg.chitranjan@gmail.com Phone ; 0091-120-2454622.
A COUNTRY DIVIDED AGAINST ITSELF
By Brigadier Chitranjan Sawant,VSM
Pakistan is at war. It is not a declared war but everyone, one and all, both the natives and the foreigners know that a war is going on. The Pakistan Army is dead serious on eliminating the menace of terrorism. However, other citizens like teachers, bureaucrats and ordinary citizens are not convinced that the Army is serious about its business vis-a-vis terrorism. Nevertheless, in the heart and mind, a guide escorting some brave foreign tourists is convinced that this is not the best of times to see Taxila’s Buddhist university of yore or the Anarkali Bazar of Lahore today. But he has to earn his daily bread and this is the cleanest way of doing so.
WHERE IS THE ENEMY
It is an undeclared war. No unit has identified an enemy. A circular floated by General Headquarters has just arrived. It defines the enemy and asks all ranks not to have any dealings with the defined enemy. A person, male or female of any age, who challenges the concept and formation of Pakistan and is waging a war against Pakistan or is prepared to wage a war, and with this common intent assembles and organises them to go on a raid to destabilise the country, will be called an enemy of the State of Pakistan and will be brought before a court of law to stand trial. On conviction, such a person will be hanged till death. The body will be handed over to the next of kin for performance of last rites.
Who runs the government of Pakistan? It is a sensitive issue and is never discussed in an open space. In the lighter vein, one may say that three A’s run the show –America, Army and Allah –and in the same order of importance. America has loosened its purse strings and gives a soft loan to Pakistan to the tune of 1.25 billion dollars per year. He who pays the piper, dictates the tune – the age old saying is true to situation even today. Army has run the government most of the time since independence and knows the finer nuances of administration. One of the major reasons why the Pakistan army lost the 1971 war and surrendered unconditionally to India was their distaste for the devilish business of fighting and their penchant for a cushy job like governance of the country. Be that as it may, the Pakistan Army still runs the show by using remote control. There is a civil administration with a President, a Prime Minister and an elected legislature. They know their limitations and do not wish to cross the Lakshman Rekha. No one in his senses expects a powerful Army Chief like General Ashfaq Pervez Kayani to take orders from a playboy President, Asif Ali Zardari. In any case, the two are not on talking terms.
Thus here is a government where the right hand does not know what the left is doing. Here is a country where the people are badly divided on sectarian lines like the Shiite, the Sunni, the Ahmediyas and what have you. The minorities like the Hindus, the Sikhs and the Christians do not matter in Pakistan. Their national flag has a white strip to represent the hapless minorities and that is the end of it. The residents of the tribal belt come under a separate administration called the FATA or Federally Administered Tribal Areas. The British in India had kept them divided so that they gain no political strength. Since Independence on 14 August 1947, the government of Pakistan made no endeavour to improve their educational, economic or political condition and they are where they were more than 62 years ago. Since no effort was made for their integration, the process of disintegration gained momentum. The tribes like Mehsuds, Waziri, Yusufzai, Tadjiks and what have you who were fiercely independent by nature gained more momentum through the barrel of the gun. The British Indian Army of the undivided India had found it difficult to control what is now called FATA through force and they bought their silence through hard cash. The situation is no better now; rather it is worse. The invisible enemy lies in wait for the regular army in the hills and dales, jungles and ravines of the unforgiving terrain of Waziristan.
WATERLOO OF FOREIGN FORCES
Alexander’s invincible phalanxes had found it difficult to hold the ground in the areas called FATA today. The mighty Mughals ruling from Delhi lost the humorist general, Raja Birbal in the process of suppressing the revolt of these tribal people. The tribal loyalties are strong and the entire tribe goes out to the rescue of an individual or a family in distress. Even Tadjiks and Waziris come to the active aid of Mehsuds, notwithstanding tribal rivalries. Of late, Pakistan had been trying hard to play one tribe against the other but had no appreciable success. With modern system of surveillance, an organised regular army has gained more strength. Baitullah Mehsud, the tribal chief and head of the Tehrik-e-Taliban Pakistan was thus killed by a missile fired from an American drone while sleeping in the open terrace with his young second wife. While making an attempt to sire a son, he lost his life. His place is now taken over by Hakimullah Mehsud who has vowed a revenge for loss of his predecessor.
As is well known to those who have been following the strategy of the Taliban and the Pakistan Army, it is the United States of America that had been pressurising the Pakistan government to make a decision to eliminate the Taliban leadership and proceed against Islamist terrorism with determination. The Americans increased the aid money to Pakistan but kept an eye on the recipients ’budgeting. It is an open secret that General Kayani is unhappy with the strings attached to the US aid and was in favour of declining to accept it. President Zardari, however, did not wish to alienate the Americans and has accepted both the aid and strings. The US pressure on Pakistan worked and in June 2009 a firm decision was taken to fight it out with a one-time brothers-in-arms, the Taliban. However, it took time to mobilise two divisions of 28000 men and deploy them in the battle zone. Thus it was not until 16 October 09 that a ground attack code named “ Rahe Nijaat”or Road of Deliverance, was launched. The air attacks by helicopter gunships and fighter jets had been going on for quite some time. The troops were needed to hold the ground snatched from the Taliban. Should the Pakistan Army make a decision to penetrate deep into the jungles or the hills and dry ravines, they will have to constantly keep an eye on the Terrain, the Weather and the attitude of non-Mehsud tribes towards the ongoing armed confrontation. The winter is not far behind and a snowfall may be expected in November-December 2009.
PROGRESS OF BATTLE
Let us admit right at the beginning that there is no transparency in the battle procedure and progress of battle. The whole process is opaque. The press briefing by the PRO confuses the scribes more and removes doubts less. Whatever little information comes out of the battle zone is rather scanty and paints only the army in good light. The Taliban is shown as the losing force. However, the press corps knows that had the Army been so efficient and powerful, the Taliban would have been exterminated long ago. But they are still alive and kicking. The government spokesman says that only 17 soldiers lost their life but more than 90 Taliban were killed in a fierce fire fight. Anyway, the media has no means of checking the truth or otherwise of this report.
Some refugees who came out of the dense jungles and ravines did mention that most of the residential areas have been vacated by the local tribesmen. At the same time they did not confirm any large scale movement of army officers and soldiers on footpaths or cart roads leading into the ravines and broken terrain. One may safely surmise that the fierce hand to hand battle between the army men and the tribesmen has not yet begun. It may be mentioned that in 2004 and twice thereafter the Pakistan army had closed in on the tribal people but they were beaten back by the tribal fighters. The Army Headquarters was forced to negotiate and propitiate the tribal fighters every time. Naturally, the Pakistan army officers and soldiers did not cover themselves with glory in these face offs. No wonder, the Army is still testing the waters before taking a plunge. The million dollar question is; how long?
Since the Wajiristan warfront is getting more and more opaque, we have little choice but to sign off for now. We promise to return when there is some worthwhile report to bring to our readers who are real connoisseurs of news and views.
UPVAN, 609, Sector 29, NOIDA – 201303, INDIA. Mobile 0091-9811173590.
Email : sawantg.chitranjan@gmail.com Phone ; 0091-120-2454622.
Friday, October 23, 2009
Check out Waziristan war: Pak army cannot hold the fort for long
Title: Waziristan war: Pak army cannot hold the fort for long
Link: http://gotaf.socialtwist.com/redirect?l=434626543834162567711
Link: http://gotaf.socialtwist.com/redirect?l=434626543834162567711
Tuesday, October 6, 2009
red taliban in red corridor
THE RED TALIBAN IN THE INDIAN RED CORRIDOR
By Brigadier Chitranjan Sawant,VSM
The Maoists in the eastern India are not only ferocious but also brutally cruel. On 30 Sep 09 they kidnapped Shri Francis Induvar, a police Inspector of the Jharkhand Police on intelligence duty from the market place, held him hostage, demanded a swap over with their top leaders like Ghandy, yadav and one more person who were in police custody . No interaction with the state government took place and the Maoists then beheaded him on 5th october. His torso was left lying across the road and the severed head was thrown away at a little distance. The Jharkhand state government says that no offer of a swap over was received by them from the Maoists. The beheading is a barbaric act and sends shock waves down the rank and file. The morale of the police jawans may be adversely affected.
The silver lining in this dark cloud has been the brave response of the late Inspector's wife, Sunita Induvar and his two teenage sons Animesh and Aniket who expressed their firm resolve not to ask the state govt to swap over their head of the family with the top Maoists. It is good that the Jharkhand government has announced a compensation of Rs ten lakh to the family of the deceased police Inspector.When the children grow up they may be offered a job in the police force.
What an irony of fate that the police personnel whom the Maoists are killing belong to the tribes and weaker sections of the society whom the Maoists profess to protect. One may recall that sometime back the Maoists had killed as many as nine women constables on duty in Garh Ciroli in Maharashtra. A very upsetting barbaric act indeed.
The Maoists have made a Red corridor from Nepal to Kerala via states like Bihar, Jharkhand, West Bengal, Orissa, Andhra Pradesh and Maharashtra. They are now trying to gain a foothold in Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand and Haryana too. Over a period of time they have gained the sympathy and support of the neglected and ignored sections of the society. The poor people look upon the Maoists as their friends and support them in more ways than one.The Maoists have acquired sufficient number of fire arms and improvised explosive devices to deter the civil police from hunting for them in the thick forests of the states concerned.
The Central government has to lead in forming an anti-Maoist Task Force and coordinate their police action against the Maoist rebels who are now called the Red Taliban because of their barbarity. The local people must be weaned away from Maoists and motivated to support the State. Economic reforms in the region will be urgently required to be implemented.
The Police Task Force should be well trained and well armed with sophisticated weapons to be used in jungles and close quarter battles. The motivation to fight against and eliminate Maoists has to be of a high order. The police personnel should be a committed group of people who believe in fighting for and even dying for the cause of the motherland. MATRIBHOOMI before self should be their ideal and there should be a role model for them to follow. Who can be a better role model than the officers selected to lead them from the front in fighting the Red Terror.
It is well known that a force that is mercenary can never fight against and defeat highly motivated guerrillas. Last but not the least, the people's support to the Maoists must be withdrawn by the local people themselves if they are economically and emotionally integrated with the main stream of the society.
Guerrilla fighters are like fish and the people are like water. If the fish is separated from water it dies. Let the Maoists be brought to that stage where they cannot survive for lack of people's support.
UPVAN 609, Sector 29, NOIDA -201303, INDIA 0091-9811173590. Email : sawantg.chitranjan@gmail.com
By Brigadier Chitranjan Sawant,VSM
The Maoists in the eastern India are not only ferocious but also brutally cruel. On 30 Sep 09 they kidnapped Shri Francis Induvar, a police Inspector of the Jharkhand Police on intelligence duty from the market place, held him hostage, demanded a swap over with their top leaders like Ghandy, yadav and one more person who were in police custody . No interaction with the state government took place and the Maoists then beheaded him on 5th october. His torso was left lying across the road and the severed head was thrown away at a little distance. The Jharkhand state government says that no offer of a swap over was received by them from the Maoists. The beheading is a barbaric act and sends shock waves down the rank and file. The morale of the police jawans may be adversely affected.
The silver lining in this dark cloud has been the brave response of the late Inspector's wife, Sunita Induvar and his two teenage sons Animesh and Aniket who expressed their firm resolve not to ask the state govt to swap over their head of the family with the top Maoists. It is good that the Jharkhand government has announced a compensation of Rs ten lakh to the family of the deceased police Inspector.When the children grow up they may be offered a job in the police force.
What an irony of fate that the police personnel whom the Maoists are killing belong to the tribes and weaker sections of the society whom the Maoists profess to protect. One may recall that sometime back the Maoists had killed as many as nine women constables on duty in Garh Ciroli in Maharashtra. A very upsetting barbaric act indeed.
The Maoists have made a Red corridor from Nepal to Kerala via states like Bihar, Jharkhand, West Bengal, Orissa, Andhra Pradesh and Maharashtra. They are now trying to gain a foothold in Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand and Haryana too. Over a period of time they have gained the sympathy and support of the neglected and ignored sections of the society. The poor people look upon the Maoists as their friends and support them in more ways than one.The Maoists have acquired sufficient number of fire arms and improvised explosive devices to deter the civil police from hunting for them in the thick forests of the states concerned.
The Central government has to lead in forming an anti-Maoist Task Force and coordinate their police action against the Maoist rebels who are now called the Red Taliban because of their barbarity. The local people must be weaned away from Maoists and motivated to support the State. Economic reforms in the region will be urgently required to be implemented.
The Police Task Force should be well trained and well armed with sophisticated weapons to be used in jungles and close quarter battles. The motivation to fight against and eliminate Maoists has to be of a high order. The police personnel should be a committed group of people who believe in fighting for and even dying for the cause of the motherland. MATRIBHOOMI before self should be their ideal and there should be a role model for them to follow. Who can be a better role model than the officers selected to lead them from the front in fighting the Red Terror.
It is well known that a force that is mercenary can never fight against and defeat highly motivated guerrillas. Last but not the least, the people's support to the Maoists must be withdrawn by the local people themselves if they are economically and emotionally integrated with the main stream of the society.
Guerrilla fighters are like fish and the people are like water. If the fish is separated from water it dies. Let the Maoists be brought to that stage where they cannot survive for lack of people's support.
UPVAN 609, Sector 29, NOIDA -201303, INDIA 0091-9811173590. Email : sawantg.chitranjan@gmail.com
VIRGINITY OF BRIDE AND GROOM
AUM
FAKING VIRGINITY TO FOOL HUSBANDS
By Brigadier Chitranjan Sawant,VSM
The Chinese people enjoy a good reputation as inventors of the newest of the new. The invention of gun powder and the paper, among other things, goes to their credit. The famous Chinese silk adorned the body and the bedroom of the high and the mighty like Julius Caesar and his successors in Rome and the pretty women like Cleopatra in Egypt who travelled to Rome to display her best and win hearts of Romans. Now in the 21st century the Chinese have come out with a new fangled device dear to hearts of girls who enjoy pre-marital sex and yet gladden their husbands on nuptial night with an intact hymen. The Chinese invented device costs just thirty US dollars. It is indeed worth buying it.
The artificial virginity kit is marketed by Gigimo, a Chinese company. When inserted it emits a blood like fluid that the gullible husbands believe to be blood coming out of the torn hymen that was intact prior to the groom copulating with the bride. In a conservative society like the ones in the Orient and the Middle-East, the artificial virginity kit is likely to be sold like hot cakes among the fair sex who now feel sexually liberated. The women’s lib movements in various parts of the world, not excluding the Arab world, have given girls mental and physical, read sexual, freedom. The end result is their ending up in bed with a boy friend for experiments in sex. In some cases it may be just a one-evening stand. The virginity, however, is lost and the broken hymen bears testimony to it. The conservative males are not yet prepared to accept a bride on a nuptial night who had had pre-marital sex. The new kit is an answer to this vexing question.
The male-dominated society in the Middle-east has, however, raised a hue and cry against the Chinese invented artificial hymen kit. The opinions expressed by them and carried by the Arabic press pointedly say that the new device will increase promiscuity in the conservative society. Thus the traditional values will go down the drain. Wives who get used to playing deception on husbands may enlarge the area of cheating on their husbands. Where will the moral values go? The female lobby has not yet openly favoured the freedom to buy or not to buy the aforesaid kit. Should they do so, they are likely to be exposed as women of loose morals. The stigma may stay on for life. To quote Shakespeare “All the perfumes of Arabia may will not sweeten the hand ”that committed the sexual sin. Generally speaking the male lobby is vociferous and the female defence is too feeble to withstand this male onslaught.
Is the male who becomes the bridegroom as pure as fresh snow? You never can tell. In this respect our Lord and our Maker did not put a physical device to test the virginity of a man. Thus the male, after committing a thousand sins goes scot free. No stigma is attached to him and no proof lingers on to bother him except his own conscience, if he has one. The male society may be educated on the subject so that they practise perfect equality between male and female in matter of pre-marital sex. It will be dream come true. The Chinese inventors will, however, lament the thought of equality of this kind permeating the fabric of a conservative society. Then their business of artificial hymen kit will bomb and the conservative world will laugh at them.
UPVAN 609, Sector 29, NOIDA – 201303, INDIA. 0091-9811173590.
Email – sawantg.chitranjan@gmail.com
FAKING VIRGINITY TO FOOL HUSBANDS
By Brigadier Chitranjan Sawant,VSM
The Chinese people enjoy a good reputation as inventors of the newest of the new. The invention of gun powder and the paper, among other things, goes to their credit. The famous Chinese silk adorned the body and the bedroom of the high and the mighty like Julius Caesar and his successors in Rome and the pretty women like Cleopatra in Egypt who travelled to Rome to display her best and win hearts of Romans. Now in the 21st century the Chinese have come out with a new fangled device dear to hearts of girls who enjoy pre-marital sex and yet gladden their husbands on nuptial night with an intact hymen. The Chinese invented device costs just thirty US dollars. It is indeed worth buying it.
The artificial virginity kit is marketed by Gigimo, a Chinese company. When inserted it emits a blood like fluid that the gullible husbands believe to be blood coming out of the torn hymen that was intact prior to the groom copulating with the bride. In a conservative society like the ones in the Orient and the Middle-East, the artificial virginity kit is likely to be sold like hot cakes among the fair sex who now feel sexually liberated. The women’s lib movements in various parts of the world, not excluding the Arab world, have given girls mental and physical, read sexual, freedom. The end result is their ending up in bed with a boy friend for experiments in sex. In some cases it may be just a one-evening stand. The virginity, however, is lost and the broken hymen bears testimony to it. The conservative males are not yet prepared to accept a bride on a nuptial night who had had pre-marital sex. The new kit is an answer to this vexing question.
The male-dominated society in the Middle-east has, however, raised a hue and cry against the Chinese invented artificial hymen kit. The opinions expressed by them and carried by the Arabic press pointedly say that the new device will increase promiscuity in the conservative society. Thus the traditional values will go down the drain. Wives who get used to playing deception on husbands may enlarge the area of cheating on their husbands. Where will the moral values go? The female lobby has not yet openly favoured the freedom to buy or not to buy the aforesaid kit. Should they do so, they are likely to be exposed as women of loose morals. The stigma may stay on for life. To quote Shakespeare “All the perfumes of Arabia may will not sweeten the hand ”that committed the sexual sin. Generally speaking the male lobby is vociferous and the female defence is too feeble to withstand this male onslaught.
Is the male who becomes the bridegroom as pure as fresh snow? You never can tell. In this respect our Lord and our Maker did not put a physical device to test the virginity of a man. Thus the male, after committing a thousand sins goes scot free. No stigma is attached to him and no proof lingers on to bother him except his own conscience, if he has one. The male society may be educated on the subject so that they practise perfect equality between male and female in matter of pre-marital sex. It will be dream come true. The Chinese inventors will, however, lament the thought of equality of this kind permeating the fabric of a conservative society. Then their business of artificial hymen kit will bomb and the conservative world will laugh at them.
UPVAN 609, Sector 29, NOIDA – 201303, INDIA. 0091-9811173590.
Email – sawantg.chitranjan@gmail.com
Wednesday, September 30, 2009
COMMUNIST CHINA COMPLETES SIXTY YEARS
AUM
COMMUNIST CHINA COMPLETES SIXTY
By Brigadier Chitranjan Sawant,VSM
The Tian An Men square – that is where all roads in Beijing lead to today. The place is all decked up. An impressive portrait of Mao Dzdong, the great political and military thinker and a founder leader of the present regime of China, is the only decoration piece on the ancient royal rostrum where the present leadership will assemble to see the military might and people’s power this morning. It is 1st October 2009. Exactly sixty years ago, on 1st October 1949, right here had stood the then top brass of the Communist party of China to herald the birth of the new China. They had won the country by their blood, sweat and tears, sacrificing their loved ones in battles fought with the nationalist forces of General Chiang kai-shek until winning the final great push and banishing the adversary to Formosa, now Taiwan. It was a long fought civil war where no quarters were asked for and none given. Chairman Mao had personally declared the founding of a new China, the People’s Republic of China that day.
GIANT STRIDES FORWARD
The China of today is so different from the China of 1949 that it sets friends and philosophers thinking about what brought about the total makeover. To my mind the greatest asset of the Chinese nation is their capability of loving their past, enjoying the present and working for a future. This mental make-up of the Chinese people is the outcome of an amalgamation of the Confucian, Buddhist and Tao philosophy of life. The Chinese history of many thousand years lets us have an inkling into their trials and tribulations, numerous founding of dynasties, their rise and fall, foreign invasions where the conquerors like the Mongols were culturally conquered by the Chinese and finally their spirit of adventure and inventions. The thread of continuity is discernible throughout and a hidden hatred for the “foreign devil” is unmistakable.
Mobilisation of Manpower for the common good has been one of the greatest assets of the Chinese people. The Great Wall of China bears testimony to this national asset. The Great Wall was built over centuries by different kingdoms but the continuity and will to complete it remained unshaken. Many acts of human cruelty on forced labour, their separation from their loved ones, surviving on meagre meals and lying buried under the foundation of the Wall are just a few of heart-rending facts of history. The aim was, however, achieved and the wall was made. It could not stop the invaders, though. The hordes of Mongols under the great Khans who were sky worshippers and not Muslims as the mistaken perception is, conquered and ruled China for a century. Eventually they were absorbed by the Chinese people and became as one of the native Chinese. The Chinese nation continued marching forward.
LINGUISTIC UNITY
A big country like China cannot but have many dialects and different pronunciations of the same word. Mandarin or Putung Hua is now the official language and is spoken throughout China including Tibet and Xinjiang. Thanks to the first emperor, Chh├нn Shih Huang Di, the script was unified. Thus the character for water is the same, go east or west, north or south. If one knows how to write one will not go hungry or thirsty. Indeed the script unified China in a great way as nothing else did. Of course, people in the southern Guangdong province still insist on conversing in Cantonese and give Putung Hua a go by. They love to watch the Hong Kong TV as the language is common, the Cantonese.
After the Communist takeover of the country, attention was paid to the common man. Education, next to bread and butter, was an important subject of govt’s attention. The communist regime simplified the ancient characters but did not change the basic look. The Chinese continuity remained and the simplified characters were easy to read and write by the peasants and workers who sustained the new regime. The top leadership of the communist party was genuinely interested in helping the common man make progress. They dressed like them. The blue closed collar tunic was the unisexual dress for male and female Chinese to unify the people like the language and the script. It was not until the death of Chairman Mao and advent of Dung Xiao-ping as a resurrected leader that women were allowed to be fashionable and wear makeup.
PATH OF PROGRESS
The prosperous China of today was born when Deng Xiao-ping brought China out of Mao’s shadow of hard line communism. He added the Chinese characteristics to Marx’s communism. When he was criticized for this dilution, he retorted ”how does it matter if a cat is black or white as long as it catches mice”. Deng set the pace of progress too and China did not have to look back. Progress and progress – that has been the story in all fields, civil or military. A word must be said about the economic disparity between the coastal areas of the East and the mountainous areas of the North-West that has caused avoidable migration of population and social tensions. It has also given rise to unpleasant law and order problems. China has taken them in the normal stride of life.
DISPLAY OF MILITARY MIGHT
Sixty years after its inception the Communist China, hardly communist now, aspires to be a world power. In due course of time she may challenge the United States of America for global supremacy. With a view to achieving that, it is necessary that China becomes militarily strong to show her flag all over the world and go unchallenged. It is a kind of ASHWAMEDHA YAJNA of today. The king’s white horse is running wherever it pleases to run and returns unchallenged to make the owner king a Chakravarti Samrat, a world power in today’s parlance. Now the opportunity is there for China to showcase her military might on the sixtieth anniversary of its founding. Let us have a preview.
The People’s Liberation Army started its military offensive in a major way with a five million strong land army. By the way, the military is PLA irrespective of it being navy or air force or army. To distinguish the force, after PLA the respective service word is added. Now, at this point of time the military thinking has undergone a tremendous change. The strength of the army is being cut down numerically and its battle effectiveness is being enhanced by adding modern fire power and advanced technology. The cut down figure may be anything around 700,000 officers and soldiers. Xu Guangyu, who is privy to policy making, says that a lean and mean army with improved weapon system and a lesser number of troops will achieve the aim. Reclaiming Taiwan by force is an avowed policy of China. The display of military might will set the American policy planners and Admirals thinking about their revising defence plan of Taiwan.
The Navy and the Air Force are now the centre of thought and action of the top brass of the party and the military. Indeed the old dictum of Chairman Mao holds good today too. He said “power comes out of the barrel of a gun and it is the party that controls the gun”. The Communist party and President Hu Jintao have made up their mind to make the Chinese navy a real blue water navy that may sail the seven seas unchallenged. To start with they will test their strength in the Indian Ocean that beckons them. Their acquisition of aircraft carriers and nuclear powered submarines point to the direction of their domination of the Indian Ocean. Is New Delhi listening?
The Air Force will display its latest jet fighter in the sky over Tian An Men square. It is designed, developed and made in China without help from a foreign country. The latest jet fighter is so much wrapped in secrecy that the Chinese air Force chose not to fly it on the rehearsal fly past. It will make a debut on the grand occasion. Right now they have 2,000 battle worthy aircraft and 4,000 air force personnel.
The Army gunners, however, control the missiles with nuclear warheads. The Inter-Continental Ballistic Missiles will be the mainstay of the regiment of artillery. Hundreds of thousands of service personnel are proud of their service and strive to achieve the aim. All eyes will focus on them when they march the goose step on the big day. It is expected that 200,000 military men and women will participate in the biggest ever parade held in the Tian An Men square.
The Chinese Navy is the blue eyed boy of the leadership, especially President Hu Jintao who is taking personal interest in various projects of modernisation. He has learnt from history that the union Jack of the British was carried all over the world by their Royal Navy, including capture of Hong Kong and meddling with Beijing. Again it is the US Navy that has made Americans command respect all over the world. The US Navy is defending Taiwan. So, to be a world power, China must have a world class navy. The display on the sixtieth anniversary will let the world know where the Chinese Navy floats today in the blue water oceans. Models of the latest ships, made in China, will float in Tian An Men to please the people of China and put the fear of God in the heart of adversaries.
UPVAN, 609, Sector 29, NOIDA – 201303, INDIA 0091-9811173590.
Email : sawantg.chitranjan@gmail.com or upvanom@yahoo.com
Sunday, September 27, 2009
meri dhoti meri chhavi
рдУ3рдо्
рдоेрд░ी рдзोрддी, рдоेрд░ी рдЫрд╡ि
рдм्рд░िрдЧेрдбिрдпрд░ рдЪिрддрд░ंрдЬрди рд╕ाрд╡ंрдд, рд╡ी.рдПрд╕.рдПрдо
рддिрдм्рдмрдд рдХी рд░ाрдЬрдзाрдиी рд▓्рд╣ाрд╕ा рдоें рд╢ाрдо рдХे рд╕рдордп рдРрд╕े рд╣ी рдШूрдо рд░рд╣ा рдеा । рдмрдб़ी рдмрдб़ी рджुрдХाрдиो рдХे рд╕ाрде рдкрдЯрд░ी рдмाрдЬ़ाрд░ рдкрд░ рд╕рдЬाрдИ рд╣ुрдИ рдЪीрдЬ़ो рдХो рджेрдЦ рдХрд░ рди рдЦрд░ीрджрдиे рдХी рдЗрдЪ्рдЫा рд╣ोрддे рд╣ुрдП рднी рдоोрд▓ рднाрд╡ рдХрд░ рд░рд╣ा рдеा। рдПрдХ рдоाрд░्рдХे рдХी рдмाрдд рдпрд╣ рд╕ाрдордиे рдЖрдИ рдХि рдкीрддрд▓ рдФрд░ рддांрдмे рдХी рдЕрдзिрдХांрд╢ рд╡рд╕्рддुрдП рдФрд░ рдХुрдЫ рдЪрдордХीрд▓े рд░ंрдЧ рдмिрд░ंрдЧे рдЫोрдЯे рдЫोрдЯे рдкрдд्рдерд░ рдХे рдЯुрдХрдб़े рддिрдм्рдмрддी рд╡्рдпाрдкाрд░ी рднाрд░рдд рдХे рд╣ी рдмाрдЬ़ाрд░ो рд╕े рд▓ाрдП рдеे। рдПрдХ рд╡्рдпाрдкाрд░ी рдиे рддो рдоेрд░ी рд╡ेрд╖ рднूрд╖ा рдФрд░ рд░ंрдЧ рд░ुрдк рджेрдЦ рдХрд░ рдХрд╣ा рдХि рдпрд╣ рд╕рдм рдЪीрдЬ़े рддो рдЖрдкрдХो рдЕрдкрдиे рд╣ी рджेрд╢ рдоे рд╕рд╕्рддी рдоिрд▓ेंрдЧी। рдоुрдЭे рдпрд╣ рднी рджेрдЦ рдФрд░ рд╕ुрди рдХрд░ рд╕ुрдЦрдж рдЖрд╢्рдЪрд░्рдп рд╣ुрдЖ рдХि рднाрд░рддीрдп рд╡рд╕्рддुрдУ рдХो рд╡рд╣ां рдмेрдЪрдиे рд╡ाрд▓े рддिрдм्рдмрддी рдкुрд░ुрд╖, рдорд╣िрд▓ाрдПं рдФрд░ рдмрдЪ्рдЪे рдХाрдо рдЪрд▓ाрдК рд╣िंрджी рдЬाрдирддे рд╣ैं। рдлिрд░ рднी рд╡ो рдоुрдЭрд╕े рдЦुрд▓ рдХрд░ рдмाрдд рдХрд░рдиे рд╕े рдХрддрд░ाрддे рд░рд╣े рдФрд░ рдмाрдж рдоें рдПрдХ рд╡्рдпрдХ्рддि рдиे рдмрддाрдпा рдХि рдЬрдм рд╡ो рд╡िрджेрд╢िрдпों рд╕े рдмाрдд рдХрд░рддे рд╣ैं рддो рдЪीрди рдХी рдкुрд▓िрд╕ рдЙрди рдкрд░ рдиिрдЧाрд╣ рд░рдЦрддी рд╣ै।
рдмाрдЬ़ाрд░ рд╕े рдЬ़рд░ा рд╣рдЯ рдХрд░, рджрд▓ाрдИ рд▓ाрдоा рдХे рдкुрд░ाрдиे рдорд╣рд▓ рдФрд░ рдХाрд░्рдпाрд▓рдп, рдкोрддाрд▓ा рдкैрд▓ेрд╕ рдХी рдУрд░ рдЬा рд░рд╣ा рдеा рддो рдПрдХ рддिрдм्рдмрддी рд╡्рдпрдХ्рддि рдоेрд░े рдиिрдХрдЯ рдЖрдпा рдФрд░ рдоेрд░ी рдзोрддी рдХा рдПрдХ рдЫोрд░ рдЦींрдЪрдиे рд▓рдЧा। рдоैрдиे рдЪीрдиी рднाрд╖ा рдоे рдЙрд╕рд╕े рдХрд╣ा рдХि рдоेрд░े рднाрдИ рддुрдо рдпрд╣ рдХ्рдпा рдХрд░ рд░рд╣े рд╣ो। рдЙрд╕рдиे рднी рдЪीрдиी рднाрд╖ा рдоे рд╣ी рдЙрдд्рддрд░ рджिрдпा рдХि рд╢्рд░ीрдоाрди рдоै рдпрд╣ рдЬाрдирдиा рдЪाрд╣рддा рд╣ूं рдХि рдпрд╣ рдХрдкрдб़ा рдЬो рдЖрдк рд▓рдкेрдЯे рд╣ुрдП рд╣ैं рдЗрд╕рдХी рд▓ंрдмाрдИ рдХिрддрдиी рд╣ै। рдпрд╣ рднी рдХि рдЗрд╕рдХा рдиाрдо рдХ्рдпा рд╣ै। рдоैрдиे рдЙрдд्рддрд░ рджेрдХрд░ рдЙрд╕े рд╕ंрддुрд╖्рдЯ рдХिрдпा рдХि рдЗрд╕े рдзोрддी рдХрд╣рддे рд╣ैं рдФрд░ рдЗрд╕рдХी рд▓ंрдмाрдИ рд▓рдЧрднрдЧ рдкांрдЪ рдоीрдЯрд░ рд╣ै। рдпूं рдоेрд░ी рд╡ेрд╖рднूрд╖ा рдпाрдиि рдзोрддी рдФрд░ рдХुрд░्рддा рднी рд╡िрджेрд╢ो рдоे рд╡िрджेрд╢ो рдоे рдЖрдХрд░्рд╖рдг рдХा рдХेंрдж्рд░ рд░рд╣рддे рд╣ैं। рдЗрд╕рд╕े рдоेрд░ी рдПрдХ рдЕрд▓рдЧ рдкрд╣рдЪाрди рдмрди рдЬाрддी рд╣ै рдФрд░ рднाрд░рддीрдп рд╡рд╕्рдд्рд░ो рдХा рдПрдХ рддрд░рд╣ рд╕े рд╣рд▓्рдХा рд╕ा рдк्рд░рдЪाрд░ рднी рд╣ो рдЬाрддा рд╣ै।
рдзोрддी рд╡ाрд▓े рдм्рд░िрдЧेрдбिрдпрд░ рд╕ाрд╣рдм
рднाрд░рддीрдп рдЬрди рдоाрдирд╕ рдоें рдПрдХ рд╕ैрди्рдп рдЕрдзिрдХाрд░ी рдХी рдЫрд╡ि рдЕंрдЧ्рд░ेрдЬ़ो рдХी рдЫрд╡ि рд╕े рднिрди्рди рдирд╣ी рд░рд╣ी рд╣ै। рдЖрдо рдЖрджрдоी рдпрд╣ рд╕рдордЭрддा рд╣ै рдХि рд╕ेрдиा рдХे рдм्рд░िрдЧेрдбिрдпрд░ рдЬैрд╕े рдЙрдЪ्рдЪ рдЕрдзिрдХाрд░ी рд╕рджैрд╡ рд╕ूрдЯेрдб рдмूрдЯेрдб рд░рд╣рддे рд╣ैं рдЙрдирдХी рдмрдб़ी рдмрдб़ी рдоूрдЫे рд╣ोрддी рд╣ैं – рд╣ाрде рдоे рд╣рд▓्рдХा рдХा рдХेрди (рдбंрдбा) рд░рд╣рддा рд╣ै рдФрд░ рдмोрд▓рддे рдХेрд╡рд▓ рдЕंрдЧ्рд░ेрдЬ़ी рд╣ैं। рдпрдж्рдпрдкि рдоैрдиे рд╕्рд╡рдпं рддीрди рджрд╢рдХो рд╕े рдЕрдзिрдХ рдХा рд╕рдордп рд╕ैрди्рдп рд╕ेрд╡ा рдоे рдмिрддाрдпा рдХिंрддु рдЕंрдЧ्рд░ेрдЬ़ो рдХी рдЫрд╡ि рдкाрдиे рдХी рдХрднी рдХोрдИ рдЕрднिрд▓ाрд╖ा рдоेрд░े рдорди рдоें рдирд╣ीं рдЙрднрд░ी। рдЗрд╕рдХा рдоुрдЦ्рдп рдХाрд░рдг рдпрд╣ рд░рд╣ा рд╣ै рдХि рдЖрд░्рдп рд╕рдоाрдЬ рдХी рдкृрд╖्рдЯ рднूрдоि рдФрд░ рд╣िंрджी рд╕े рдк्рд░ेрдо рд╣ोрдиे рдХी рд╡рдЬрд╣ рд╕े рдоैрдиे рдХрднी рдЕंрдЧ्рд░ेрдЬ़िрдпрдд рдХो рдЕрдкрдиे рдЬीрд╡рди рдоे рдкाрд╕ рдирд╣ी рдлрдЯрдХрдиे рджिрдпा। рдЕрдкрдиे рд╡ेрд╖рднूрд╖ा рдФрд░ рднाрд╖ा рдХे рдХाрд░рдг рдХрднी рдХрднी рдЕрдкрд░िрдЪिрдд рд▓ोрдЧ рдпрд╣ рд╕рдордЭ рд╣ी рдирд╣ी рдкाрддे рдХि рдоैं рдПрдХ рд╡рд░िрд╖्рда рд╕ैрди्рдп рдЕрдзिрдХाрд░ी рд░рд╣ा рд╣ूं рдФрд░ рд╕ेрд╡ाрдиिрд╡ृрдд рд╣ोрдиे рдХे рдмाрдж рджेрд╢ рд╡िрджेрд╢ рдХी рдпाрдд्рд░ा рдоे рдзोрддी рдХुрд░्рддा рд╣ी рдкрд╣рдирддा рд░рд╣ा рд╣ूं। рдЗрд╕рд╕े рдХрднी рдХрднी рд╣рд▓्рдХी рд╕ी рдХрдаिрдиाрдИ рднी рд╣ुрдИ рдХिंрддु рд╣рд░ рдХрдаिрдиाрдИ рдФрд░ рд╕рдорд╕्рдпा рдХा рд╕рдоाрдзाрди рд╕्рд╡рдд: рдоिрд▓рддा рднी рд░рд╣ा ।
рдЬрдм рд╣ॉंрдЧ рдХॉंрдЧ рдХो рдм्рд░िрдЯेрд╢ рд╢ाрд╕рди рдЪीрди рд╢ाрд╕рди рдХो рд╣рд╕्рддांрддрд░िрдд рдХрд░рдиे рд╡ाрд▓ा рдеा рддो рдоुрдЭे рдЖрдоंрдд्рд░िрдд рдХिрдпा рдЧрдпा рдХि рдоैं рд╣ॉंрдЧ рдХॉंрдЧ рдЬाрдХрд░ рд╡рд╣ां рдХी рд╡рд╕्рддुрд╕्рдеिрддि рдкрд░ рдПрдХ рдЯी рд╡ी рдбॉрдХ्рдпुрдоैंрдЯ्рд░ी рдмрдиाрдКं । рд╣ॉंрдЧ рдХॉंрдЧ рдХे рд╣рд╡ाрдИ рдЕрдб्рдбे рдкрд░ рдЬैрд╕े рд╣ी рдоैं рдмाрд╣рд░ рдЖрдпा рддो рдЕрдкрдиी рдЕрдЧрд╡ाрдиी рдХे рд▓िрдП рдХिрд╕ी рдХो рднी рдирд╣ी рдкाрдпा। рд╣ाрд▓ांрдХि рдоैं рдЪीрдиी рднाрд╖ा (рдоैंрдбрд░िрди) рдмोрд▓ рд▓ेрддा рд╣ूं рдХिंрддु рд╣ॉंрдЧ рдХॉंрдЧ рдХि рдЕрдзिрдХांрд╢ рдиिрд╡ाрд╕ी рдХैंрдЯрдиीрдЬ़ рднाрд╖ा рдмोрд▓рддे рд╣ैं। рдлिрд░ рдЙрдЪ्рдЪाрд░рдг рдХा рднेрдж рднी рд╣ो рд╣ी рдЬाрддा рд╣ै। рд╕рдорд╕्рдпा рд╡िрдХрдЯ рдеी। рдЕрдкрдиे рд╕ाрдоाрди рдХे рд╕ाрде рдиिрдХाрд╕ рдж्рд╡ाрд░ рдХे рд╕ाрдордиे рдЬрдм рдоैрдиे рдЪाрд░ рдкांрдЪ рдЪрдХ्рдХрд░ рд▓рдЧाрдП рддрдм рдПрдХ рдЪीрди рдХे рдЕрдзिрдХाрд░ी рдоेрд░े рдкाрд╕ рдЖрдП рдФрд░ рдмोрд▓े рдХ्рдпा рдЖрдк рд╣ीं рдм्рд░िрдЧेрдбिрдпрд░ рд╕ाрд╡ंрдд рд╣ैं рдЬो рдЯी рд╡ी рдбॉрдХ्рдпूрдоैंрдЯ्рд░ी рдмрдиाрдиे рдЖрдПं рд╣ैं। рдоैрдиे рдХрд╣ा рдЬी рд╣ां। рдЙрди्рд╣ोрдиे рдХ्рд╖рдоा рдпाрдЪрдиा рдХी рдФрд░ рдХрд╣ा рдХि рдеोрдб़ी рджेрд░ рд╕े рд╡ो рдоुрдЭे рджेрдЦ рд░рд╣े рдеे рд▓ेрдХिрди рддрдп рдирд╣ी рдХрд░ рдкा рд░рд╣े рдеे рдХि рдоेрд░ी рд╡ेрд╖рднूрд╖ा рдФрд░ рд╕ाрдоाрди्рдп рд╕ैрди्рдп рдЕрдзिрдХाрд░ी рдХी рд╡ेрд╖рднूрд╖ा рдоे рддाрд▓рдоेрд▓ рдХ्рдпो рдирд╣ीं рд╣ै।рдоैрдиे рдЙрди्рд╣े рдЗрддिрд╣ाрд╕ рдмрддाрдпा рддो рд╡ो рд╕ंрддुрд╖्рдЯ рд╣ुрдП। рдоैрдиे рдЗрд╢्рд╡рд░ рдХो рднी рдзрди्рдпрд╡ाрдж рджिрдпा рдХि рджुрд░िрдд рджूрд░ рд╣ुрдЖ।
рдРрд╕ी рд╣ी рдПрдХ рдШрдЯрдиा, рд╕्рд╡рджेрд╢ рдоें рдЬाрд▓ंрдзрд░ рд░ेрд▓рд╡े рд╕्рдЯेрд╢рди рдкрд░ рднी рд╣ुрдИ। рдбी рдП рд╡ी рдХॉрд▓ेрдЬ рдиे рдоुрдЭे рд╡ेрдж рдк्рд░рд╡рдЪрди рдХे рд▓िрдП рдЖрдоंрдд्рд░िрдд рдХिрдпा рдеा рдФрд░ рдЬрдм рдоैं рд╢рддाрдм्рджी рд╕े рдк्рд▓ेрдЯрдлॉрд░्рдо рдкрд░ рдЙрддрд░ा рддो рд╡рд╣ां рдкрд░ рднी рдХिрд╕ी рдиे рдоेрд░ी рдЕрдЧрд╡ाрдиी рдирд╣ी рдХी। рджो рддीрди рдоिрдирдЯ рдмीрдд рдЬाрдиे рдХे рдмाрдж рдоेрд░े рдХाрдиो рдоें рдЖрд╡ाрдЬ़ рдЖрдИ, рдПрдХ рд╕ूрдЯेрдб рдмूрдЯेрдб рд╕рдЬ्рдЬрди рдХिрд╕ी рд╕े рдоोрдмाрдИрд▓ рдкрд░ рдХрд╣ рд░рд╣े рдеे рдХि рдЧाрдб़ी рддो рдЖ рдЧрдИ рд▓ेрдХिрди рдм्рд░िрдЧेрдбिрдпрд░ рд╕ाрд╣рдм рдирд╣ी рдЖрдП। рддो рдоैрдиे рд╕्рд╡ंрдп рдЙрдирд╕े рдкूрдЫा рдХि рдХ्рдпा рдЖрдк рдм्рд░िрдЧेрдбिрдпрд░ рд╕ाрд╡ंрдд рдХी рд░ाрд╣ рджेрдЦ рд░рд╣े рд╣ैं। рдЙрдирдХे рд╣ां рдХрд╣рдиे рдкрд░ рдоैрдиे рдЕрдкрдиा рдкрд░िрдЪрдп рджिрдпा рдФрд░ рдлिрд░ рд╡ो рдПрдХ рдмрдб़ी рд╕ी рдХाрд░ рдоें рдЙрд╕ рд╣ोрдЯрд▓ рд▓े рдЧрдП рдЬрд╣ां рдоुрдЭे рдард╣рд░рдиा рдеा। рдЙрди्рд╣ोрдиे рдоुрдЭे рдмрддाрдпा рдХि рдкंрдЬाрдм рдоे рдзोрддी рдкрд╣рдирдиे рд╡ाрд▓ो рдХो рдвीрд▓ा рдвाрд▓ा рдЖрджрдоी рдоाрдиा рдЬाрддा рд╣ै। рдордЭे рднी рдпाрдж рдЖрдпा рдХि рдЖрд░्рдп рд╕рдоाрдЬ рдХे рдЗрддिрд╣ाрд╕ рдоें рдпрд╣ рдЪрд░्рдЪा рдЖрдИ рд╣ै рдХि рдкंрдбिрдд рд▓ेрдЦрд░ाрдо рдЬी рдЬो рдкेрд╢ाрд╡рд░ рдиिрд╡ाрд╕ी рдеी рдЙрди्рд╣ोрдиे рдорд╣ाрдд्рдоा рдоुंрд╢ी рд░ाрдо (рд╕्рд╡ाрдоी рд╢्рд░рдз्рджाрдиंрдж) рд╕े рдПрдХ рдмाрд░ рдХрд╣ा – рд▓ाрд▓ा рдЬी рдЖрдк рдпрд╣ рдзोрддी рдХ्рдпा рдкрд╣рдирддे рд╣ैं рдпрд╣ рддो рдпू рдкी рд╡ाрд▓े рдвीрд▓े рдвाрд▓े рд▓ोрдЧ рдкрд╣рдирддे рд╣ैं рд╣рдо рдкंрдЬाрдмिрдпो рдХो рдирд╣ी рдкрд╣рдирдиा рдЪाрд╣िрдП। рдЗрд╕ рдЯिрдк्рдкрдб़ी рдХे рдмाрд╡рдЬूрдж рдорд╣ाрдд्рдоा рдоुंрд╢ीрд░ाрдо рдЬी рдиे рдЕрдкрдиी рд╡ेрд╖рднूрд╖ा рдирд╣ी рдмрджрд▓ी। рдЗрд╕ рдШрдЯрдиा рд╕े рдоुрдЭे рднी рдоाрдирд╕िрдХ рдмрд▓ рдоिрд▓ा рдХि рдоैं рдзोрддी рдкрд╣рдирдиा рдЬाрд░ी рд░рдЦूं।
рд╡ेрдж рдк्рд░рдЪाрд░ рдХे рд╕िрд▓рд╕िрд▓े рдоें рдЬрдм рдоैं рдЗंрдЧрд▓ैंрдб рдЧрдпा рддो рдорд╣ाрд╢рдп рдЧोрдкाрд▓ рдЪंрдж्рд░, рдЬो рдоेрд░ी рдЕрдЧрд╡ाрдиी рдХे рд▓िрдП рдЖрдП рдеे – рдиे рдоुрдЭрд╕े рдХрд╣ा рдХि рдоैं рднाрдЧ्рдпрд╢ाрд▓ी рд╣ूं। рдЖрдЦों рд╣ी рдЖрдЦों рдоे рдоैрдиे рдк्рд░рд╢्рди рдХिрдпा рдХि рдХ्рдпो рддो рдЙрди्рд╣ोрдиे рдХрд╣ा рдХि рдЖрдк рдзोрддी рдХुрд░्рддा рдкрд╣рдиे рд╣ुрдП рд╣ैं рдФрд░ рдЖрдЬ рдЗрдХ्рдХीрд╕рд╡ीं рд╢рддाрдм्рджी рдЗंрдЧрд▓ैंрдб рдоे рдХोрдИ рдЕंрдЧ्рд░ेрдЬ़ рдЗрд╕ рдкрд░ рдЖрдкрдд्рддि рдирд╣ी рдХрд░ेрдЧा। рд▓рдЧрднрдЧ рдЪाрд░ рджрд╢рдХ рдкрд╣рд▓े рдХी рдЕрдкрдиी рдХрдеा рдЙрди्рд╣ोрдиे рд╕ुрдиाрдИ рдХि рдЙрд╕ рд╕рдордп рдмिрдиा рд╕ूрдЯ рдмूрдЯ рдкрд╣рдиे рдХोрдИ рд╡्рдпрдХ्рддि рд╕рдб़рдХ рдкрд░ рдЪрд▓ рдирд╣ी рд╕рдХрддा рдеा। рд╕ंрдн्рд╡рдд рдЕंрдЧ्рд░ेрдЬ़ो рдХा рдпрд╣ рдоाрдирдиा рдеा рдХि рдЕрдЧрд░ рдЗंрдЧрд▓ैंрдб рдоें рд░рд╣рдиा рд╣ै рддो рдЙрди्рд╣ी рдХी рддрд░рд╣ рдХी рд╡ेрд╖рднूрд╖ा рд╣ोрдиी рдЬ़рд░ूрд░ी рд╣ै рдФрд░ рдЙрди्рд╣ी рдХी рднाрд╖ा рдмोрд▓рдиी рд╣ै। рдпрд╣ рдЬाрдирдХрд░ рдоुрдЭे рдмрдб़ा рд╕ंрддोрд╖ рд╣ुрдЖ рдХि рдЕрдм рд╡ेрд╖рднूрд╖ा рдФрд░ рднाрд╖ा рдкрд░ рдХोрдИ рдк्рд░рддिрдмंрдз рдирд╣ी рд╣ै рдФрд░ рдзोрддी рдкрд╣рдирдХрд░ рдоैं рдкूрд░े рдЗंрдЧрд▓ैंрдб рдоे рдШूрдо рд╕рдХрддा рд╣ूं। рдпूं рдоेрд░े рдкाрд╕ рдРрд╕े рднी рди рд╕ूрдЯ рдеा рди рдмूрдЯ ।
рднाрд░рдд рдХे рдХाрд▓े рдЕंрдЧ्рд░ेрдЬ़
рдпрд╣ рд╡िрдЪिрдд्рд░ рдмाрдд рд╣ै рдХि рдЗंрдЧрд▓ैंрдб рдоें рддो рдоैं рдзोрддी рдХुрд░्рддा рдкрд╣рди рдХрд░ рдм्рд░िрдЯेрд╢ рд╕рдорд░ाрдЬ्рдЮी рдХ्рд╡ीрди рдЗрд▓िрдЬ़ेрдмेрде рдж्рд╡िрддिрдп рдХे рдорд╣рд▓ рдмрдХिंрдШрдо рдкैрд▓ेрд╕ рдоें рдШूрдо рдЖрдпा рдХिंрддु рдЕрдкрдиे рд╣ी рджेрд╢ рднाрд░рдд рдоें рдЕрдиेрдХ рдРрд╕े рд╕ंрд╕्рдеाрди рдФрд░ рдХ्рд▓рдм рд╣ैं рдЬрд╣ां рдзोрддी рдХुрд░्рддा рдкрд╣рди рдХрд░ рдЬाрдиे рдкрд░ рдк्рд░рддिрдмंрдз рд╣ै। рд╕рд╢рд╕्рдд्рд░ рд╕ेрдиाрдУ рдХे рдЕрдлрд╕рд░ рдоैрд╕ рдФрд░ рдХ्рд▓рдм, рдЬिрдордЦाрдиा рдХ्рд▓рдм рдФрд░ рд░ॉрдпрд▓ рдпॉрдЯ рдХ्рд▓рдм рдЖрджि рдРрд╕े рднाрд░рдд рднूрдоि рдкрд░ рдЕрдЧ्рд░ेрдЬ़ी рд╕ंрд╕्рдХृрддि рдХे рдкोрд╢рдХ рд╣ैं рдЬो рд╕ूрдЯ рдмूрдЯ рдФрд░ рдЯाрдИ рдХे рдЕрд▓ाрд╡ा рдФрд░ рдХोрдИ рдкрд╣рдиाрд╡ा рдкрд╣рдЪाрдирддे рд╣ी рдирд╣ीं। рдпрд╣ рд╕ांрд╕рдХृрддिрдХ рд╡िрдбंрдмрдиा рд╣ै। рдоेрд░े рд╡िрдЪाрд░ рдоें рдЕрдм рд╕рдордп рдЖ рдЧрдпा рд╣ै рдХि рдЬрдм рдЕंрдЧ्рд░ेрдЬ़ рд╕ंрд╕्рдХृрддि рдкोрд╢рдХ рд╕ंрд╕्рдеाрдиो рдХे рд╡िрд░ुрдз्рдж рдЕрднिрдпाрди рдЪрд▓ाрдХрд░ рдЙрди्рд╣े рднाрд░рдд рднूрдоि рдФрд░ рднाрд░рддीрдп рд╕ंрд╕्рдХृрддि рд╕े рдк्рд░ेрдо рдХा рдкाрда рдкрдв़ाрдиा рдЖрд╡рд╢्рдпрдХ рд╣ो рдЧрдпा рд╣ै। рд╕ंрднрд╡рдд рдпुрд╡ा рд╡рд░्рдЧ рдЗрд╕ рджिрд╢ा рдоे рдЖрдЧे рдЖрдиे рдХे рд▓िрдП рдк्рд░ेрд░िрдд рдХिрдпा рдЬा рд╕рдХрддा рд╣ै। рдпрджि рдЙрдирдХे рдкाрда्рдпрдХ्рд░рдо рдоें рд╕्рд╡рджेрд╢ рдк्рд░ेрдо рдХा рдкुрдЯ рджिрдпा рдЬा рд╕рдХे।
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рдм्рд░िрдЧेрдбिрдпрд░ рдЪिрддрд░ंрдЬрди рд╕ाрд╡ंрдд, рд╡ी рдПрд╕ рдПрдо
рдЙрдкрд╡рди
609, рд╕ेрдХ्рдЯрд░ 29
рдЕрд░ुрдг рд╡िрд╣ाрд░, рдиोрдПрдбा - 201303. рднाрд░рдд
рдИрдоेрд▓ : sawantg.chitranjan@gmail.com
рдоेрд░ी рдзोрддी, рдоेрд░ी рдЫрд╡ि
рдм्рд░िрдЧेрдбिрдпрд░ рдЪिрддрд░ंрдЬрди рд╕ाрд╡ंрдд, рд╡ी.рдПрд╕.рдПрдо
рддिрдм्рдмрдд рдХी рд░ाрдЬрдзाрдиी рд▓्рд╣ाрд╕ा рдоें рд╢ाрдо рдХे рд╕рдордп рдРрд╕े рд╣ी рдШूрдо рд░рд╣ा рдеा । рдмрдб़ी рдмрдб़ी рджुрдХाрдиो рдХे рд╕ाрде рдкрдЯрд░ी рдмाрдЬ़ाрд░ рдкрд░ рд╕рдЬाрдИ рд╣ुрдИ рдЪीрдЬ़ो рдХो рджेрдЦ рдХрд░ рди рдЦрд░ीрджрдиे рдХी рдЗрдЪ्рдЫा рд╣ोрддे рд╣ुрдП рднी рдоोрд▓ рднाрд╡ рдХрд░ рд░рд╣ा рдеा। рдПрдХ рдоाрд░्рдХे рдХी рдмाрдд рдпрд╣ рд╕ाрдордиे рдЖрдИ рдХि рдкीрддрд▓ рдФрд░ рддांрдмे рдХी рдЕрдзिрдХांрд╢ рд╡рд╕्рддुрдП рдФрд░ рдХुрдЫ рдЪрдордХीрд▓े рд░ंрдЧ рдмिрд░ंрдЧे рдЫोрдЯे рдЫोрдЯे рдкрдд्рдерд░ рдХे рдЯुрдХрдб़े рддिрдм्рдмрддी рд╡्рдпाрдкाрд░ी рднाрд░рдд рдХे рд╣ी рдмाрдЬ़ाрд░ो рд╕े рд▓ाрдП рдеे। рдПрдХ рд╡्рдпाрдкाрд░ी рдиे рддो рдоेрд░ी рд╡ेрд╖ рднूрд╖ा рдФрд░ рд░ंрдЧ рд░ुрдк рджेрдЦ рдХрд░ рдХрд╣ा рдХि рдпрд╣ рд╕рдм рдЪीрдЬ़े рддो рдЖрдкрдХो рдЕрдкрдиे рд╣ी рджेрд╢ рдоे рд╕рд╕्рддी рдоिрд▓ेंрдЧी। рдоुрдЭे рдпрд╣ рднी рджेрдЦ рдФрд░ рд╕ुрди рдХрд░ рд╕ुрдЦрдж рдЖрд╢्рдЪрд░्рдп рд╣ुрдЖ рдХि рднाрд░рддीрдп рд╡рд╕्рддुрдУ рдХो рд╡рд╣ां рдмेрдЪрдиे рд╡ाрд▓े рддिрдм्рдмрддी рдкुрд░ुрд╖, рдорд╣िрд▓ाрдПं рдФрд░ рдмрдЪ्рдЪे рдХाрдо рдЪрд▓ाрдК рд╣िंрджी рдЬाрдирддे рд╣ैं। рдлिрд░ рднी рд╡ो рдоुрдЭрд╕े рдЦुрд▓ рдХрд░ рдмाрдд рдХрд░рдиे рд╕े рдХрддрд░ाрддे рд░рд╣े рдФрд░ рдмाрдж рдоें рдПрдХ рд╡्рдпрдХ्рддि рдиे рдмрддाрдпा рдХि рдЬрдм рд╡ो рд╡िрджेрд╢िрдпों рд╕े рдмाрдд рдХрд░рддे рд╣ैं рддो рдЪीрди рдХी рдкुрд▓िрд╕ рдЙрди рдкрд░ рдиिрдЧाрд╣ рд░рдЦрддी рд╣ै।
рдмाрдЬ़ाрд░ рд╕े рдЬ़рд░ा рд╣рдЯ рдХрд░, рджрд▓ाрдИ рд▓ाрдоा рдХे рдкुрд░ाрдиे рдорд╣рд▓ рдФрд░ рдХाрд░्рдпाрд▓рдп, рдкोрддाрд▓ा рдкैрд▓ेрд╕ рдХी рдУрд░ рдЬा рд░рд╣ा рдеा рддो рдПрдХ рддिрдм्рдмрддी рд╡्рдпрдХ्рддि рдоेрд░े рдиिрдХрдЯ рдЖрдпा рдФрд░ рдоेрд░ी рдзोрддी рдХा рдПрдХ рдЫोрд░ рдЦींрдЪрдиे рд▓рдЧा। рдоैрдиे рдЪीрдиी рднाрд╖ा рдоे рдЙрд╕рд╕े рдХрд╣ा рдХि рдоेрд░े рднाрдИ рддुрдо рдпрд╣ рдХ्рдпा рдХрд░ рд░рд╣े рд╣ो। рдЙрд╕рдиे рднी рдЪीрдиी рднाрд╖ा рдоे рд╣ी рдЙрдд्рддрд░ рджिрдпा рдХि рд╢्рд░ीрдоाрди рдоै рдпрд╣ рдЬाрдирдиा рдЪाрд╣рддा рд╣ूं рдХि рдпрд╣ рдХрдкрдб़ा рдЬो рдЖрдк рд▓рдкेрдЯे рд╣ुрдП рд╣ैं рдЗрд╕рдХी рд▓ंрдмाрдИ рдХिрддрдиी рд╣ै। рдпрд╣ рднी рдХि рдЗрд╕рдХा рдиाрдо рдХ्рдпा рд╣ै। рдоैрдиे рдЙрдд्рддрд░ рджेрдХрд░ рдЙрд╕े рд╕ंрддुрд╖्рдЯ рдХिрдпा рдХि рдЗрд╕े рдзोрддी рдХрд╣рддे рд╣ैं рдФрд░ рдЗрд╕рдХी рд▓ंрдмाрдИ рд▓рдЧрднрдЧ рдкांрдЪ рдоीрдЯрд░ рд╣ै। рдпूं рдоेрд░ी рд╡ेрд╖рднूрд╖ा рдпाрдиि рдзोрддी рдФрд░ рдХुрд░्рддा рднी рд╡िрджेрд╢ो рдоे рд╡िрджेрд╢ो рдоे рдЖрдХрд░्рд╖рдг рдХा рдХेंрдж्рд░ рд░рд╣рддे рд╣ैं। рдЗрд╕рд╕े рдоेрд░ी рдПрдХ рдЕрд▓рдЧ рдкрд╣рдЪाрди рдмрди рдЬाрддी рд╣ै рдФрд░ рднाрд░рддीрдп рд╡рд╕्рдд्рд░ो рдХा рдПрдХ рддрд░рд╣ рд╕े рд╣рд▓्рдХा рд╕ा рдк्рд░рдЪाрд░ рднी рд╣ो рдЬाрддा рд╣ै।
рдзोрддी рд╡ाрд▓े рдм्рд░िрдЧेрдбिрдпрд░ рд╕ाрд╣рдм
рднाрд░рддीрдп рдЬрди рдоाрдирд╕ рдоें рдПрдХ рд╕ैрди्рдп рдЕрдзिрдХाрд░ी рдХी рдЫрд╡ि рдЕंрдЧ्рд░ेрдЬ़ो рдХी рдЫрд╡ि рд╕े рднिрди्рди рдирд╣ी рд░рд╣ी рд╣ै। рдЖрдо рдЖрджрдоी рдпрд╣ рд╕рдордЭрддा рд╣ै рдХि рд╕ेрдиा рдХे рдм्рд░िрдЧेрдбिрдпрд░ рдЬैрд╕े рдЙрдЪ्рдЪ рдЕрдзिрдХाрд░ी рд╕рджैрд╡ рд╕ूрдЯेрдб рдмूрдЯेрдб рд░рд╣рддे рд╣ैं рдЙрдирдХी рдмрдб़ी рдмрдб़ी рдоूрдЫे рд╣ोрддी рд╣ैं – рд╣ाрде рдоे рд╣рд▓्рдХा рдХा рдХेрди (рдбंрдбा) рд░рд╣рддा рд╣ै рдФрд░ рдмोрд▓рддे рдХेрд╡рд▓ рдЕंрдЧ्рд░ेрдЬ़ी рд╣ैं। рдпрдж्рдпрдкि рдоैрдиे рд╕्рд╡рдпं рддीрди рджрд╢рдХो рд╕े рдЕрдзिрдХ рдХा рд╕рдордп рд╕ैрди्рдп рд╕ेрд╡ा рдоे рдмिрддाрдпा рдХिंрддु рдЕंрдЧ्рд░ेрдЬ़ो рдХी рдЫрд╡ि рдкाрдиे рдХी рдХрднी рдХोрдИ рдЕрднिрд▓ाрд╖ा рдоेрд░े рдорди рдоें рдирд╣ीं рдЙрднрд░ी। рдЗрд╕рдХा рдоुрдЦ्рдп рдХाрд░рдг рдпрд╣ рд░рд╣ा рд╣ै рдХि рдЖрд░्рдп рд╕рдоाрдЬ рдХी рдкृрд╖्рдЯ рднूрдоि рдФрд░ рд╣िंрджी рд╕े рдк्рд░ेрдо рд╣ोрдиे рдХी рд╡рдЬрд╣ рд╕े рдоैрдиे рдХрднी рдЕंрдЧ्рд░ेрдЬ़िрдпрдд рдХो рдЕрдкрдиे рдЬीрд╡рди рдоे рдкाрд╕ рдирд╣ी рдлрдЯрдХрдиे рджिрдпा। рдЕрдкрдиे рд╡ेрд╖рднूрд╖ा рдФрд░ рднाрд╖ा рдХे рдХाрд░рдг рдХрднी рдХрднी рдЕрдкрд░िрдЪिрдд рд▓ोрдЧ рдпрд╣ рд╕рдордЭ рд╣ी рдирд╣ी рдкाрддे рдХि рдоैं рдПрдХ рд╡рд░िрд╖्рда рд╕ैрди्рдп рдЕрдзिрдХाрд░ी рд░рд╣ा рд╣ूं рдФрд░ рд╕ेрд╡ाрдиिрд╡ृрдд рд╣ोрдиे рдХे рдмाрдж рджेрд╢ рд╡िрджेрд╢ рдХी рдпाрдд्рд░ा рдоे рдзोрддी рдХुрд░्рддा рд╣ी рдкрд╣рдирддा рд░рд╣ा рд╣ूं। рдЗрд╕рд╕े рдХрднी рдХрднी рд╣рд▓्рдХी рд╕ी рдХрдаिрдиाрдИ рднी рд╣ुрдИ рдХिंрддु рд╣рд░ рдХрдаिрдиाрдИ рдФрд░ рд╕рдорд╕्рдпा рдХा рд╕рдоाрдзाрди рд╕्рд╡рдд: рдоिрд▓рддा рднी рд░рд╣ा ।
рдЬрдм рд╣ॉंрдЧ рдХॉंрдЧ рдХो рдм्рд░िрдЯेрд╢ рд╢ाрд╕рди рдЪीрди рд╢ाрд╕рди рдХो рд╣рд╕्рддांрддрд░िрдд рдХрд░рдиे рд╡ाрд▓ा рдеा рддो рдоुрдЭे рдЖрдоंрдд्рд░िрдд рдХिрдпा рдЧрдпा рдХि рдоैं рд╣ॉंрдЧ рдХॉंрдЧ рдЬाрдХрд░ рд╡рд╣ां рдХी рд╡рд╕्рддुрд╕्рдеिрддि рдкрд░ рдПрдХ рдЯी рд╡ी рдбॉрдХ्рдпुрдоैंрдЯ्рд░ी рдмрдиाрдКं । рд╣ॉंрдЧ рдХॉंрдЧ рдХे рд╣рд╡ाрдИ рдЕрдб्рдбे рдкрд░ рдЬैрд╕े рд╣ी рдоैं рдмाрд╣рд░ рдЖрдпा рддो рдЕрдкрдиी рдЕрдЧрд╡ाрдиी рдХे рд▓िрдП рдХिрд╕ी рдХो рднी рдирд╣ी рдкाрдпा। рд╣ाрд▓ांрдХि рдоैं рдЪीрдиी рднाрд╖ा (рдоैंрдбрд░िрди) рдмोрд▓ рд▓ेрддा рд╣ूं рдХिंрддु рд╣ॉंрдЧ рдХॉंрдЧ рдХि рдЕрдзिрдХांрд╢ рдиिрд╡ाрд╕ी рдХैंрдЯрдиीрдЬ़ рднाрд╖ा рдмोрд▓рддे рд╣ैं। рдлिрд░ рдЙрдЪ्рдЪाрд░рдг рдХा рднेрдж рднी рд╣ो рд╣ी рдЬाрддा рд╣ै। рд╕рдорд╕्рдпा рд╡िрдХрдЯ рдеी। рдЕрдкрдиे рд╕ाрдоाрди рдХे рд╕ाрде рдиिрдХाрд╕ рдж्рд╡ाрд░ рдХे рд╕ाрдордиे рдЬрдм рдоैрдиे рдЪाрд░ рдкांрдЪ рдЪрдХ्рдХрд░ рд▓рдЧाрдП рддрдм рдПрдХ рдЪीрди рдХे рдЕрдзिрдХाрд░ी рдоेрд░े рдкाрд╕ рдЖрдП рдФрд░ рдмोрд▓े рдХ्рдпा рдЖрдк рд╣ीं рдм्рд░िрдЧेрдбिрдпрд░ рд╕ाрд╡ंрдд рд╣ैं рдЬो рдЯी рд╡ी рдбॉрдХ्рдпूрдоैंрдЯ्рд░ी рдмрдиाрдиे рдЖрдПं рд╣ैं। рдоैрдиे рдХрд╣ा рдЬी рд╣ां। рдЙрди्рд╣ोрдиे рдХ्рд╖рдоा рдпाрдЪрдиा рдХी рдФрд░ рдХрд╣ा рдХि рдеोрдб़ी рджेрд░ рд╕े рд╡ो рдоुрдЭे рджेрдЦ рд░рд╣े рдеे рд▓ेрдХिрди рддрдп рдирд╣ी рдХрд░ рдкा рд░рд╣े рдеे рдХि рдоेрд░ी рд╡ेрд╖рднूрд╖ा рдФрд░ рд╕ाрдоाрди्рдп рд╕ैрди्рдп рдЕрдзिрдХाрд░ी рдХी рд╡ेрд╖рднूрд╖ा рдоे рддाрд▓рдоेрд▓ рдХ्рдпो рдирд╣ीं рд╣ै।рдоैрдиे рдЙрди्рд╣े рдЗрддिрд╣ाрд╕ рдмрддाрдпा рддो рд╡ो рд╕ंрддुрд╖्рдЯ рд╣ुрдП। рдоैрдиे рдЗрд╢्рд╡рд░ рдХो рднी рдзрди्рдпрд╡ाрдж рджिрдпा рдХि рджुрд░िрдд рджूрд░ рд╣ुрдЖ।
рдРрд╕ी рд╣ी рдПрдХ рдШрдЯрдиा, рд╕्рд╡рджेрд╢ рдоें рдЬाрд▓ंрдзрд░ рд░ेрд▓рд╡े рд╕्рдЯेрд╢рди рдкрд░ рднी рд╣ुрдИ। рдбी рдП рд╡ी рдХॉрд▓ेрдЬ рдиे рдоुрдЭे рд╡ेрдж рдк्рд░рд╡рдЪрди рдХे рд▓िрдП рдЖрдоंрдд्рд░िрдд рдХिрдпा рдеा рдФрд░ рдЬрдм рдоैं рд╢рддाрдм्рджी рд╕े рдк्рд▓ेрдЯрдлॉрд░्рдо рдкрд░ рдЙрддрд░ा рддो рд╡рд╣ां рдкрд░ рднी рдХिрд╕ी рдиे рдоेрд░ी рдЕрдЧрд╡ाрдиी рдирд╣ी рдХी। рджो рддीрди рдоिрдирдЯ рдмीрдд рдЬाрдиे рдХे рдмाрдж рдоेрд░े рдХाрдиो рдоें рдЖрд╡ाрдЬ़ рдЖрдИ, рдПрдХ рд╕ूрдЯेрдб рдмूрдЯेрдб рд╕рдЬ्рдЬрди рдХिрд╕ी рд╕े рдоोрдмाрдИрд▓ рдкрд░ рдХрд╣ рд░рд╣े рдеे рдХि рдЧाрдб़ी рддो рдЖ рдЧрдИ рд▓ेрдХिрди рдм्рд░िрдЧेрдбिрдпрд░ рд╕ाрд╣рдм рдирд╣ी рдЖрдП। рддो рдоैрдиे рд╕्рд╡ंрдп рдЙрдирд╕े рдкूрдЫा рдХि рдХ्рдпा рдЖрдк рдм्рд░िрдЧेрдбिрдпрд░ рд╕ाрд╡ंрдд рдХी рд░ाрд╣ рджेрдЦ рд░рд╣े рд╣ैं। рдЙрдирдХे рд╣ां рдХрд╣рдиे рдкрд░ рдоैрдиे рдЕрдкрдиा рдкрд░िрдЪрдп рджिрдпा рдФрд░ рдлिрд░ рд╡ो рдПрдХ рдмрдб़ी рд╕ी рдХाрд░ рдоें рдЙрд╕ рд╣ोрдЯрд▓ рд▓े рдЧрдП рдЬрд╣ां рдоुрдЭे рдард╣рд░рдиा рдеा। рдЙрди्рд╣ोрдиे рдоुрдЭे рдмрддाрдпा рдХि рдкंрдЬाрдм рдоे рдзोрддी рдкрд╣рдирдиे рд╡ाрд▓ो рдХो рдвीрд▓ा рдвाрд▓ा рдЖрджрдоी рдоाрдиा рдЬाрддा рд╣ै। рдордЭे рднी рдпाрдж рдЖрдпा рдХि рдЖрд░्рдп рд╕рдоाрдЬ рдХे рдЗрддिрд╣ाрд╕ рдоें рдпрд╣ рдЪрд░्рдЪा рдЖрдИ рд╣ै рдХि рдкंрдбिрдд рд▓ेрдЦрд░ाрдо рдЬी рдЬो рдкेрд╢ाрд╡рд░ рдиिрд╡ाрд╕ी рдеी рдЙрди्рд╣ोрдиे рдорд╣ाрдд्рдоा рдоुंрд╢ी рд░ाрдо (рд╕्рд╡ाрдоी рд╢्рд░рдз्рджाрдиंрдж) рд╕े рдПрдХ рдмाрд░ рдХрд╣ा – рд▓ाрд▓ा рдЬी рдЖрдк рдпрд╣ рдзोрддी рдХ्рдпा рдкрд╣рдирддे рд╣ैं рдпрд╣ рддो рдпू рдкी рд╡ाрд▓े рдвीрд▓े рдвाрд▓े рд▓ोрдЧ рдкрд╣рдирддे рд╣ैं рд╣рдо рдкंрдЬाрдмिрдпो рдХो рдирд╣ी рдкрд╣рдирдиा рдЪाрд╣िрдП। рдЗрд╕ рдЯिрдк्рдкрдб़ी рдХे рдмाрд╡рдЬूрдж рдорд╣ाрдд्рдоा рдоुंрд╢ीрд░ाрдо рдЬी рдиे рдЕрдкрдиी рд╡ेрд╖рднूрд╖ा рдирд╣ी рдмрджрд▓ी। рдЗрд╕ рдШрдЯрдиा рд╕े рдоुрдЭे рднी рдоाрдирд╕िрдХ рдмрд▓ рдоिрд▓ा рдХि рдоैं рдзोрддी рдкрд╣рдирдиा рдЬाрд░ी рд░рдЦूं।
рд╡ेрдж рдк्рд░рдЪाрд░ рдХे рд╕िрд▓рд╕िрд▓े рдоें рдЬрдм рдоैं рдЗंрдЧрд▓ैंрдб рдЧрдпा рддो рдорд╣ाрд╢рдп рдЧोрдкाрд▓ рдЪंрдж्рд░, рдЬो рдоेрд░ी рдЕрдЧрд╡ाрдиी рдХे рд▓िрдП рдЖрдП рдеे – рдиे рдоुрдЭрд╕े рдХрд╣ा рдХि рдоैं рднाрдЧ्рдпрд╢ाрд▓ी рд╣ूं। рдЖрдЦों рд╣ी рдЖрдЦों рдоे рдоैрдиे рдк्рд░рд╢्рди рдХिрдпा рдХि рдХ्рдпो рддो рдЙрди्рд╣ोрдиे рдХрд╣ा рдХि рдЖрдк рдзोрддी рдХुрд░्рддा рдкрд╣рдиे рд╣ुрдП рд╣ैं рдФрд░ рдЖрдЬ рдЗрдХ्рдХीрд╕рд╡ीं рд╢рддाрдм्рджी рдЗंрдЧрд▓ैंрдб рдоे рдХोрдИ рдЕंрдЧ्рд░ेрдЬ़ рдЗрд╕ рдкрд░ рдЖрдкрдд्рддि рдирд╣ी рдХрд░ेрдЧा। рд▓рдЧрднрдЧ рдЪाрд░ рджрд╢рдХ рдкрд╣рд▓े рдХी рдЕрдкрдиी рдХрдеा рдЙрди्рд╣ोрдиे рд╕ुрдиाрдИ рдХि рдЙрд╕ рд╕рдордп рдмिрдиा рд╕ूрдЯ рдмूрдЯ рдкрд╣рдиे рдХोрдИ рд╡्рдпрдХ्рддि рд╕рдб़рдХ рдкрд░ рдЪрд▓ рдирд╣ी рд╕рдХрддा рдеा। рд╕ंрдн्рд╡рдд рдЕंрдЧ्рд░ेрдЬ़ो рдХा рдпрд╣ рдоाрдирдиा рдеा рдХि рдЕрдЧрд░ рдЗंрдЧрд▓ैंрдб рдоें рд░рд╣рдиा рд╣ै рддो рдЙрди्рд╣ी рдХी рддрд░рд╣ рдХी рд╡ेрд╖рднूрд╖ा рд╣ोрдиी рдЬ़рд░ूрд░ी рд╣ै рдФрд░ рдЙрди्рд╣ी рдХी рднाрд╖ा рдмोрд▓рдиी рд╣ै। рдпрд╣ рдЬाрдирдХрд░ рдоुрдЭे рдмрдб़ा рд╕ंрддोрд╖ рд╣ुрдЖ рдХि рдЕрдм рд╡ेрд╖рднूрд╖ा рдФрд░ рднाрд╖ा рдкрд░ рдХोрдИ рдк्рд░рддिрдмंрдз рдирд╣ी рд╣ै рдФрд░ рдзोрддी рдкрд╣рдирдХрд░ рдоैं рдкूрд░े рдЗंрдЧрд▓ैंрдб рдоे рдШूрдо рд╕рдХрддा рд╣ूं। рдпूं рдоेрд░े рдкाрд╕ рдРрд╕े рднी рди рд╕ूрдЯ рдеा рди рдмूрдЯ ।
рднाрд░рдд рдХे рдХाрд▓े рдЕंрдЧ्рд░ेрдЬ़
рдпрд╣ рд╡िрдЪिрдд्рд░ рдмाрдд рд╣ै рдХि рдЗंрдЧрд▓ैंрдб рдоें рддो рдоैं рдзोрддी рдХुрд░्рддा рдкрд╣рди рдХрд░ рдм्рд░िрдЯेрд╢ рд╕рдорд░ाрдЬ्рдЮी рдХ्рд╡ीрди рдЗрд▓िрдЬ़ेрдмेрде рдж्рд╡िрддिрдп рдХे рдорд╣рд▓ рдмрдХिंрдШрдо рдкैрд▓ेрд╕ рдоें рдШूрдо рдЖрдпा рдХिंрддु рдЕрдкрдиे рд╣ी рджेрд╢ рднाрд░рдд рдоें рдЕрдиेрдХ рдРрд╕े рд╕ंрд╕्рдеाрди рдФрд░ рдХ्рд▓рдм рд╣ैं рдЬрд╣ां рдзोрддी рдХुрд░्рддा рдкрд╣рди рдХрд░ рдЬाрдиे рдкрд░ рдк्рд░рддिрдмंрдз рд╣ै। рд╕рд╢рд╕्рдд्рд░ рд╕ेрдиाрдУ рдХे рдЕрдлрд╕рд░ рдоैрд╕ рдФрд░ рдХ्рд▓рдм, рдЬिрдордЦाрдиा рдХ्рд▓рдм рдФрд░ рд░ॉрдпрд▓ рдпॉрдЯ рдХ्рд▓рдм рдЖрджि рдРрд╕े рднाрд░рдд рднूрдоि рдкрд░ рдЕрдЧ्рд░ेрдЬ़ी рд╕ंрд╕्рдХृрддि рдХे рдкोрд╢рдХ рд╣ैं рдЬो рд╕ूрдЯ рдмूрдЯ рдФрд░ рдЯाрдИ рдХे рдЕрд▓ाрд╡ा рдФрд░ рдХोрдИ рдкрд╣рдиाрд╡ा рдкрд╣рдЪाрдирддे рд╣ी рдирд╣ीं। рдпрд╣ рд╕ांрд╕рдХृрддिрдХ рд╡िрдбंрдмрдиा рд╣ै। рдоेрд░े рд╡िрдЪाрд░ рдоें рдЕрдм рд╕рдордп рдЖ рдЧрдпा рд╣ै рдХि рдЬрдм рдЕंрдЧ्рд░ेрдЬ़ рд╕ंрд╕्рдХृрддि рдкोрд╢рдХ рд╕ंрд╕्рдеाрдиो рдХे рд╡िрд░ुрдз्рдж рдЕрднिрдпाрди рдЪрд▓ाрдХрд░ рдЙрди्рд╣े рднाрд░рдд рднूрдоि рдФрд░ рднाрд░рддीрдп рд╕ंрд╕्рдХृрддि рд╕े рдк्рд░ेрдо рдХा рдкाрда рдкрдв़ाрдиा рдЖрд╡рд╢्рдпрдХ рд╣ो рдЧрдпा рд╣ै। рд╕ंрднрд╡рдд рдпुрд╡ा рд╡рд░्рдЧ рдЗрд╕ рджिрд╢ा рдоे рдЖрдЧे рдЖрдиे рдХे рд▓िрдП рдк्рд░ेрд░िрдд рдХिрдпा рдЬा рд╕рдХрддा рд╣ै। рдпрджि рдЙрдирдХे рдкाрда्рдпрдХ्рд░рдо рдоें рд╕्рд╡рджेрд╢ рдк्рд░ेрдо рдХा рдкुрдЯ рджिрдпा рдЬा рд╕рдХे।
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рдм्рд░िрдЧेрдбिрдпрд░ рдЪिрддрд░ंрдЬрди рд╕ाрд╡ंрдд, рд╡ी рдПрд╕ рдПрдо
рдЙрдкрд╡рди
609, рд╕ेрдХ्рдЯрд░ 29
рдЕрд░ुрдг рд╡िрд╣ाрд░, рдиोрдПрдбा - 201303. рднाрд░рдд
рдИрдоेрд▓ : sawantg.chitranjan@gmail.com
Saturday, September 19, 2009
First Woman Chancellor of Germany
AUM
ANGELA MERKEL – FIRST WOMAN GERMAN CHANCELLOR
By Brigadier Chitranjan Sawant,VSM
Angela Merkel is the name of the most powerful woman of Germany. The political pundits were surprised at her meteoric rise in the German political firmament. When she sent Helmut Kohl, the most powerful Chancellor in post-war Germany packing home, her political adversaries in her own party were overawed. The giant killer earned respect as a former provincial dowdy woman with a poor dress sense who made it to the top. Little did detractors realise that Angela Merkel, a childless divorcee who carried surname of her first husband, is out and out a pragmatist and knew which way the wind was blowing.
Born in Hamburg, the second largest city in Germany, her father moved the family to a small town in East Germany where he was appointed a Pastor in a Protestant church. Her family background helped her become the first Protestant Chancellor who broke the male monopoly of Roman Catholics from West Germany. She married a second time and her husband Joachim Sauer is a Chemistry Professor in Berlin. They have no children. She is a committed politician and a devoted housewife.
What is it that makes Angela Merkel so successful in the high brow male dominated political world. Well, it is her devotion to duty and determination to achieve the goal. She determines the AIM and maintains her aim so that she knows how to go about achieving the aim. Criticism of detractors does not bother her except that she doubles her effort to reach the goal surmounting hurdles on the way. It is not the dress or the facial makeover that matters to her, it is the ability to do for the country what her countrymen expect of her.
As a Chancellor of Germany elected to the office in 2005 with a wafer thin majority, Angela Merkel won the hearts and minds of her compatriots by her hard work and spectacular results in ameliorating the hardships of the common man. She successfully steered Germany out of the notorious economic recession and made the German economy the biggest in Europe leaving erstwhile economic giants way behind. In the European Union she came to be known as a high achiever and one who solved the vexatious problems in an amicable manner. When in trouble, other European nations looked up to her to lend a helping hand and find solutions to problems of gigantic nature.
Her critics say that she compromises her principles for political expediency. She does not contest this charge. When she came to power in 2005, she invited the opposition politicians , including her challenger to the high office, to join the coalition government and they did. This sagacious move gave political stability to her government and she did not have to waste time and energy in saving her government from opposition attacks every now and then. Indeed, as a Christian Democrat she had to make concessions to the Social democrats in the shape of fixing minimum wages and social welfare more akin to the communist philosophy than to her own. That is indeed the art of running a successful government for the sake of the country by making compromises. In India we call it the Coalition Dharma and the people get used to it.
Angela Merkel,54, had visited India in 2007 and had paid a visit to the Rajghat to lay a wreath at the Samadhi of Mahatma Gandhi. She studied the regional problems and ways to neutralise impact of Islamic terrorism. She maintains an independent foreign policy and overrides illogical opposition of other countries to her considered moves. Once she had decided to grant time to the Dalai Lama for a meeting with her, she went ahead with the pre-determined schedule, notwithstanding diplomatic opposition by the People’s Republic of China. Her will power and her resolve not to be cowed down makes her stand in line with Margaret Thatcher, the former Prime Minister of the United kingdom, also known as the Iron Lady. Apparently Angela Merkel enjoys such comparisons as these will ensure for her a place in the world history. As it is, she stands in the galaxy of most powerful women of the world and the US magazine, Forbes, ranked her there for three consecutive years. Indeed it was not without reason.
Come elections; come September – the balmy days that give comfort. It will be more than balmy for Angela Merkel as on 27 Sep 2009 in the national elections her party will be returned to power. Thereafter, there will be no stopping Chancellor Angela Merkel from being re-elected Chancellor of Germany to be in that august office for her second term. The people are with Angela Merkel and Angela Merkel is with the people. Together they will make Germany a super power and a global force to reckon with.
UPVAN 609, Sector 29, NOIDA – 201303 INDIA. Mobile : 0091-9811173590.
Email : sawantg.chitranjan@gmail.com
ANGELA MERKEL – FIRST WOMAN GERMAN CHANCELLOR
By Brigadier Chitranjan Sawant,VSM
Angela Merkel is the name of the most powerful woman of Germany. The political pundits were surprised at her meteoric rise in the German political firmament. When she sent Helmut Kohl, the most powerful Chancellor in post-war Germany packing home, her political adversaries in her own party were overawed. The giant killer earned respect as a former provincial dowdy woman with a poor dress sense who made it to the top. Little did detractors realise that Angela Merkel, a childless divorcee who carried surname of her first husband, is out and out a pragmatist and knew which way the wind was blowing.
Born in Hamburg, the second largest city in Germany, her father moved the family to a small town in East Germany where he was appointed a Pastor in a Protestant church. Her family background helped her become the first Protestant Chancellor who broke the male monopoly of Roman Catholics from West Germany. She married a second time and her husband Joachim Sauer is a Chemistry Professor in Berlin. They have no children. She is a committed politician and a devoted housewife.
What is it that makes Angela Merkel so successful in the high brow male dominated political world. Well, it is her devotion to duty and determination to achieve the goal. She determines the AIM and maintains her aim so that she knows how to go about achieving the aim. Criticism of detractors does not bother her except that she doubles her effort to reach the goal surmounting hurdles on the way. It is not the dress or the facial makeover that matters to her, it is the ability to do for the country what her countrymen expect of her.
As a Chancellor of Germany elected to the office in 2005 with a wafer thin majority, Angela Merkel won the hearts and minds of her compatriots by her hard work and spectacular results in ameliorating the hardships of the common man. She successfully steered Germany out of the notorious economic recession and made the German economy the biggest in Europe leaving erstwhile economic giants way behind. In the European Union she came to be known as a high achiever and one who solved the vexatious problems in an amicable manner. When in trouble, other European nations looked up to her to lend a helping hand and find solutions to problems of gigantic nature.
Her critics say that she compromises her principles for political expediency. She does not contest this charge. When she came to power in 2005, she invited the opposition politicians , including her challenger to the high office, to join the coalition government and they did. This sagacious move gave political stability to her government and she did not have to waste time and energy in saving her government from opposition attacks every now and then. Indeed, as a Christian Democrat she had to make concessions to the Social democrats in the shape of fixing minimum wages and social welfare more akin to the communist philosophy than to her own. That is indeed the art of running a successful government for the sake of the country by making compromises. In India we call it the Coalition Dharma and the people get used to it.
Angela Merkel,54, had visited India in 2007 and had paid a visit to the Rajghat to lay a wreath at the Samadhi of Mahatma Gandhi. She studied the regional problems and ways to neutralise impact of Islamic terrorism. She maintains an independent foreign policy and overrides illogical opposition of other countries to her considered moves. Once she had decided to grant time to the Dalai Lama for a meeting with her, she went ahead with the pre-determined schedule, notwithstanding diplomatic opposition by the People’s Republic of China. Her will power and her resolve not to be cowed down makes her stand in line with Margaret Thatcher, the former Prime Minister of the United kingdom, also known as the Iron Lady. Apparently Angela Merkel enjoys such comparisons as these will ensure for her a place in the world history. As it is, she stands in the galaxy of most powerful women of the world and the US magazine, Forbes, ranked her there for three consecutive years. Indeed it was not without reason.
Come elections; come September – the balmy days that give comfort. It will be more than balmy for Angela Merkel as on 27 Sep 2009 in the national elections her party will be returned to power. Thereafter, there will be no stopping Chancellor Angela Merkel from being re-elected Chancellor of Germany to be in that august office for her second term. The people are with Angela Merkel and Angela Merkel is with the people. Together they will make Germany a super power and a global force to reckon with.
UPVAN 609, Sector 29, NOIDA – 201303 INDIA. Mobile : 0091-9811173590.
Email : sawantg.chitranjan@gmail.com
Wednesday, September 16, 2009
NEW PRIME MINISTER OF JAPAN
AUM
YUKIO HATOYAMA IS NEW JAPANESE PRIME MINISTER
By Brigadier Chitranjan Sawant,VSM
The political blue blood is back. Yukio Hatoyama, the new Japanese Prime Minister is the grandson of Ichiro Hatoyama, a former prime minister of Japan and son of a cabinet minister. Yukio Hatoyama is blue blooded politically. He is a synthesis of the old world charm and the new world business-like action. Yukio is a thinking politician who does not make a decision in a hurry nor implement it in a jiffy. Everyone around him knows that it is difficult, if not impossible, to get his decision overturned by him. It would be an easy course of action to implement it. No beating about the bush while having a chat with him. Yuki appreciates a frontal attack on the problem rather than procrastinate. Procrastination is the thief of time. The Hatoyama Thought promotes prompt action as time is money. The world economy is money oriented, notwithstanding the economic downturn. The Japanese are proud of the fact that theirs is the second largest economy in the world.
Has Prime Minister Hatoyama inherited a throne of thorns or a crown of thorns? He would repudiate this theory right away. In any case the Prime Minister of Japan wears no crown nor sits on a throne. Japan has a hereditary monarchy and the monarch is held in divine reverence. Prime Ministers come and go but the administration goes on unhindered. Nevertheless, Yukio Hatoyama will not be sleeping on a bed of roses. He has just ousted the Democratic Party of Japan from political power where they were entrenched for a little over half a century. As a matter of fact, Yukio himself began his political career in that grand old party where his grandfather was one of the founding members, where his father flourished, became a foreign minister and his younger brother also became a minister. In 1993 Yuki broke ranks with the family’s political party and founded a new but similar one. Eventually he landed in the Liberal party to reform the old political culture of Japan. One imagines that the old colleagues of the former party would not let him rest in peace and will continue making an endeavour to dislodge his new party from power.
Yuki Hatoyama is no political greenhorn. He studies the moves of political adversaries before making his own move. He carries the experience of 62 years of life on the Japanese soil and commands the respect of his wife and son as well as his comrades-in-arms of the fledgling political party. Yuki has risen to the coveted post of Prime Minister on an agenda of CHANGE and he is committed to bring about change in all spheres of Japanese life where it is needed. He hopes that he will have the political backing of his fellow politicians and support of the electorate. The Japanese electorate exercise their franchise using their mind and it is they who were the backbone of the present change. It is hoped that their support would continue for Yuki for an appreciable period of time.
Yuki Hatoyama is a family man. He finds peace of mind and solace of soul once he is back home. His devoted wife not only supervises the cooking in the kitchen but ensures that what is served on the dining table is to her husband’s liking. The age old saying “the way to heart lies through the stomach” is as true today as it was many millennia ago. She cares more for the looks of her husband than for her own. She chooses the hairstyle that her darling hubby should sport and ensures that her will is done. The couple owns a golden retriever and love to take the dog out for a walk to relax themselves.
Their son is also a student of engineering like his father was a few decades ago. Albeit the son has chosen Russia as his country of education unlike his father’s generation that went westward, mainly the United States of America. By the way, Yuki Hatoyama is a Ph.D. in Engineering. No wonder he executes his plans with engineering precision. Although Yuki started his career as a lecturer in engineering but he found politics more attractive. His decision has paid rich dividends. He is the Prime Minister of Japan today.
UPVAN 609, Sector 29, NOIDA – 201303, INDIA, Mobile : 0091-9811173590.
Email : sawantg.chitranjan@gmail.com
YUKIO HATOYAMA IS NEW JAPANESE PRIME MINISTER
By Brigadier Chitranjan Sawant,VSM
The political blue blood is back. Yukio Hatoyama, the new Japanese Prime Minister is the grandson of Ichiro Hatoyama, a former prime minister of Japan and son of a cabinet minister. Yukio Hatoyama is blue blooded politically. He is a synthesis of the old world charm and the new world business-like action. Yukio is a thinking politician who does not make a decision in a hurry nor implement it in a jiffy. Everyone around him knows that it is difficult, if not impossible, to get his decision overturned by him. It would be an easy course of action to implement it. No beating about the bush while having a chat with him. Yuki appreciates a frontal attack on the problem rather than procrastinate. Procrastination is the thief of time. The Hatoyama Thought promotes prompt action as time is money. The world economy is money oriented, notwithstanding the economic downturn. The Japanese are proud of the fact that theirs is the second largest economy in the world.
Has Prime Minister Hatoyama inherited a throne of thorns or a crown of thorns? He would repudiate this theory right away. In any case the Prime Minister of Japan wears no crown nor sits on a throne. Japan has a hereditary monarchy and the monarch is held in divine reverence. Prime Ministers come and go but the administration goes on unhindered. Nevertheless, Yukio Hatoyama will not be sleeping on a bed of roses. He has just ousted the Democratic Party of Japan from political power where they were entrenched for a little over half a century. As a matter of fact, Yukio himself began his political career in that grand old party where his grandfather was one of the founding members, where his father flourished, became a foreign minister and his younger brother also became a minister. In 1993 Yuki broke ranks with the family’s political party and founded a new but similar one. Eventually he landed in the Liberal party to reform the old political culture of Japan. One imagines that the old colleagues of the former party would not let him rest in peace and will continue making an endeavour to dislodge his new party from power.
Yuki Hatoyama is no political greenhorn. He studies the moves of political adversaries before making his own move. He carries the experience of 62 years of life on the Japanese soil and commands the respect of his wife and son as well as his comrades-in-arms of the fledgling political party. Yuki has risen to the coveted post of Prime Minister on an agenda of CHANGE and he is committed to bring about change in all spheres of Japanese life where it is needed. He hopes that he will have the political backing of his fellow politicians and support of the electorate. The Japanese electorate exercise their franchise using their mind and it is they who were the backbone of the present change. It is hoped that their support would continue for Yuki for an appreciable period of time.
Yuki Hatoyama is a family man. He finds peace of mind and solace of soul once he is back home. His devoted wife not only supervises the cooking in the kitchen but ensures that what is served on the dining table is to her husband’s liking. The age old saying “the way to heart lies through the stomach” is as true today as it was many millennia ago. She cares more for the looks of her husband than for her own. She chooses the hairstyle that her darling hubby should sport and ensures that her will is done. The couple owns a golden retriever and love to take the dog out for a walk to relax themselves.
Their son is also a student of engineering like his father was a few decades ago. Albeit the son has chosen Russia as his country of education unlike his father’s generation that went westward, mainly the United States of America. By the way, Yuki Hatoyama is a Ph.D. in Engineering. No wonder he executes his plans with engineering precision. Although Yuki started his career as a lecturer in engineering but he found politics more attractive. His decision has paid rich dividends. He is the Prime Minister of Japan today.
UPVAN 609, Sector 29, NOIDA – 201303, INDIA, Mobile : 0091-9811173590.
Email : sawantg.chitranjan@gmail.com
Tuesday, September 15, 2009
AUSTERITY THROWN OVERBOARD
AUM
Sonia gandhi, chairperson of the Congress party travelled economy class in the airlines to send a message to her ministers and other leaders to observe austerity in thought and action. it was indeed a fine gesture. Was the desire to observe austerity really carried out in word and deed?
Those who observed the seating arrangement on board the aircraft are quick to point out that her chair and that of AK Antony who was accompanying her, were bigger than the ordinary economy class chairs.Obviously, special seating arrangement was made for Sonia gandhi. Further, a little distance was kept between her chair and that of her companion. Was it the real economy class or just one of the makebelieve one?
No questions on chairs reserved for the security staff, the Special protection Group and the political companions like AK Antony also cost money. Let us grant her the fact that she travelled economy class and not the Business class and thus saved money of tax payers.
Rahul Gandhi too followed suit . This morning(15 Sep 09) he too travelled in the chair car from New Delhi to Ludhiana in the Swarna Shatabdi express and thus sent a clear message to the Congress colleagues on austerity. Did the message reach the target audience?
Ask Ghulam Nabi Azad, Union Health Minister who hosted a grand Lunch on govt cost at the Rambagh Palace Hotel, Jaipur to launch a health programme for the common man called "Navjat shishu kalyan yojana"but the common man was not to be seen in the grand party. A princely sum of Rs Three Lacs was paid as rent for the hall and appurtenances hired on the occasion. The beneficiaries of the health scheme were not invited as they would have felt out of place in a palace party. The expenditure on the grand lunch was Rs 1500 per plate as per a conservative estimate. No official word on expenditure was forthcoming. Perhaps the new policy of the Health minister is : spend public money but just keep mum on the amount spent. Ah! they did not reckon ingenuity of our free press in finding out who is lavish with spending tax payers'money, notwithstanding the economic downturn.
Apparently, the right hand of the govt of India does not wish to know what the left hand is doing. Never mind if Sonia Gandhi is flying economy class redone or Rahul Gandhi is travelling for four hours in a railway train in a chair car as a commoner, some Ministers have their own style of life emulating His Highness the maharajah of jammu and Kashmir. Wish them luck please.
The King is dead, long live the king - so said the slogan on continuity of the british monarchy. In India one may say that Austerity is on board , Austerity is thrown out of the window. Say it anyway you like.
Monday, September 14, 2009
SNAIL SPEED OF COMMONWEALTH GAMES
AUM
The snail speed at which most of the 35 projects are proceeding and their completion is nowhere in sight makes a well-intentioned Indian worried. The good name of the Indian nation is at stake. The big bosses who should throw their weight behind the plan to carry on the work on 35 Projects at break neck speed are now deeply involved in the blame game. The powers that be have found a scapegoat to save their own skin. It is the MCD- the Municipal Corporation of Delhi. The reasons are more political than real.
The rumour is rife that the Government of Delhi has plans to takeover the MCD in the name of better coordination. However, knowledgeable critics are of the opinion that the BJP run MCD is an eyesore to the Congress run Delhi govt. So they have found an excuse in the name of coordination to takeover the finances and duties of MCD. If that is true, it would be a blot on the name of the party in power both at the Centre and the Delhi state.
The main stadium is the Jawaharlal Nehru stadium where a number of events of the Commonwealth Games will be staged. It is, however, said that the main stadium is also not ready as per plan. No doubt it has been a functional stadium even before the present project propped up but it had to be redone to meet the new and extended requirements. No completion report can be claimed to have been filed by any of the numerous agencies involved.
In a media chat involving some archtects it came to light that there is no Master Plan of the entire Commonwealth Games. Its veracity is yet to be tested but the way the work is going on it appears to be a disjointed effort. There may be a large allocation for improvement of roads and construction of fly overs but allocation of funds may be meagre for the transportation department. The fly overs may facilitate movement of traffic bu the department may need a large fleet of buses to help players, spectators, officials etc to move swiftly from point A to point B. The large fleet of low floor good buses is not yet in position.
The Games Village that is coming up at a vantage site on the Yamuna bed near the Akshara Dham mandir is far from completion. let us not forget that it is not only the four walls of residential accommodation, community centre and recreational facilities that matter. What matters most that the entire complex should give a comfortable look and feel so that the foreign athletes feel at home away from home. The furnishings, the artistic decoration, the paintings and what have you that will be displayed in the residential complex should be imbued with the soul of our nation without forgetting the likes and dislikes of the occupants. The hospitality includes the food to be served - not only a wholesome meal but nutritive items that take care of the palate too. Suitable chefs have to be positioned and rehearsed of the content, presentation and timings of all meals - Indian, Mughlai, Chinese, Continental and what have you. religious susceptibilities of participants and officials have to be catered for.
No wonder Smt Sheela Dixit, Chief Minister Delhi said that looking at the gigantic problems left to be tackled she is feeling "nervous". Imagine what the fate of foot soldier would be when the commander-in-chief is shaky about the completion of as many as 53 projects related to the Commonwealth Games. Some optimists opine that 27 years ago, India had successfully handled the Asiad. So where is the problem now? Well, the state of supply of electricity and water matters a lot. The movement of traffic in Delhi is more complex now than ever before because of overgrowing population in Delhi.
Some well intentioned critics have said that it would be a good idea to take the help of those nations that have the expertise and experience of hosting big sports events like the Olympics. In our neighbourhood, China can be of help but recent events on borders may prevent India and China from coming closer to the extent of helping in the running of Projects of the Commonwealth Games. A sane piece of advice will be to the Indian officials and citizen-volunteers to shake off crutches,if any, and walk along on one's own strength, let us remember - First Walk, Then Run.
Submitted by Brigadier Chitranjan Sawant,VSM
Thursday, September 10, 2009
MAHRISHI DAYANAND IS POWER POINT OF INSPIRATION
AUM
War of Independence:
MAHARISHI DAYANAND : POWER POINT OF INSPIRATION
The Indian historians list Meerutt as the focal point where the First war of Independence commenced and the point of time was June 1857. Generally speaking we talk of the armed battles fought between the then British rulers and the Indian soldiers and subjects and end the matter there. There is, however, a need to fathom the depth more and find out what role did our scriptures and Dharm Gurus play besides the weapon system. Let us proceed on the assumption that the human body acts or refrains from acting as per the guidance of the mind and the soul. Indeed the soul has to have a power point of inspiration that motivates it for doing a KARMA.
While writing the history of the Indian National Congress Shri Pattabhi Sitaramaiyya has explicitly mentioned that in the ongoing war of independence, there was a large number of believers in Vedic Dharm among the freedom fighters. The organisational name of their collective body is the ARYA SAMAJ. At this point let us recall the glory of those Aryas who fought in the front line against the British albeit through peaceful means. The galaxy of freedom fighters comprises stalwarts like Mahatma Munshi Ram who on entering the Sanyas ashram came to be known as Swami Shraddhanand, Lala Lajpat Rai, the Lion of Punjab who was exiled by the British government, Bhai Parmanand, Lala Har Dayal and Sardar Bhagat Singh – these are the patriots whom our nation will always recall with pride. Allow me to mention for the benefit of the new generation that initially among the Arya members of the Arya Samaj Lahore, the number of Sikh members was not negligible. I have written the above mentioned names because these are the august personalities and dedicated Arya Samajists who were inspired by the personality and writings of Sanyasi-reformer Maharishi Dayanand to plunge into the battle against the British rulers and gain Independence.
MAHARISHI DAYANAND’S THOUGHT ON INDEPENDENCE
Among the books written by Maharishi Dayanand, SATYARTH PRAKASH is the magnum opus. It was in 1874 that the Maharishi brought out the First Edition of his august treatise for the guidance of Mankind. Since some major mistakes had crept in, the Maharishi himself prepared an amended edition in 1883 at Maharana’s Udaipur before his tragic demise later at Ajmer. When Maharishi Dayanand was preaching and propagating the Vedic Dharm, the British were the supreme power and overlords not only in India but in most parts of the world. Queen Victoria, Empress of India was on the throne of England and her motherly image as a reigning sovereign was in every heart and mind in towns and villages of India. It was a common belief that there could not be a better rule than that of the British government. The pro-British elements among Indians drummed this point day in and day out so that no one could even think of asking for independence, leave alone fighting for it. Those who still persisted with a cry for freedom were punished and chastised to such an extent that the concept of independence vanished from their thought and action.
Maharishi Dayanand , as a Sanyasi and religious cum social reformer took it as his Duty to free the motherland, Bharat, from the yokes of foreign slavery. A high calibre psychologist like the Rishivar knew that he had to be a Crusader for letting common man have freedom of thought. The Rishi wanted to fight the propaganda war of the foreign forces and counteract the fictitious belief of “motherly love of the reigning queen” with his speeches and writings instilling in Indian minds love of independence .No rule, howsoever benevolent could be a substitute for self-rule, so said the Maharishi and the classes as well as the masses followed him like a pied piper. He enshrined his Thought on Freedom in the Satyarth Prakash. In the eighth chapter of the great book, the Maharishi wrote:
“Say what you will, the indigenous native rule is by far the best. A foreign government, perfectly free from religious prejudices, impartial towards all – the natives and the foreigners – kind, beneficent and just to the natives like their parents though it may be, can never render the people perfectly happy.” ( English version from Satyarth Prakash (Light of Truth) translated by Dr Chiranjiva Bharadwaja.)
In the 19th century the British government in India termed the above Idea as revolutionary. It was called Mutiny and treason against the British Empire. Indeed it was the self confidence and high morale of a fearless Sanyasi like Maharishi Dayanand who could bear the brunt of an angry administration that was running an empire. With a view to having an organization to carry on the flame of freedom and be an exponent of the Vedic Dharm for mankind, Maharishi Dayanand, on a suggestion of his devotees, agreed to formation of the Arya Samaj. To take care of the orphans, he opened orphanages and for promoting learning of the Sanskrit language, he opened Sanskrit pathshalas.. The Arya members of these organisations were led through the pages of Satyarth Praksh with an emphasis on waging a war of independence at the intellectual level and later on the battle field. It was but natural for the new generation of Indians to be influenced by Maharishi’s ideas. Lala Lajpat Rai while opposing the anti-people projects of the British administration in India always gratefully acknowledged the source of his inspiration as Maharishi Dayanand and called him as his Dharm Pita. (The English word GODFATHER is no patch on this).He boycotted the arrival of Simon Commission and while leading a protest procession bore the blows of police lathis and canes and suffered grievous injuries that caused his death. An eminent Arya of his stature made the supreme sacrifice at the altar of freedom. The story of lala Lajpat Rai’s life and death has been inspiring Indians generation after generation.
ARYA GURUKULAS IN FREEDOM MOVEMENT
Taking a cue from the Dayanand Thought on freedom from foreign rule, mahatma Munshiram opened the Gurukul Kangri near Haridwar where an emphasis was laid on freedom of thought and expression.To achieve this aim it was necessary to have the Gurukul education divorced from Macaulay’s Minute and let the Vedic system of education hold the sway. The brahmacharis were true to their ideals and along with developing their own personality always thought of the motherland. Many of them even participated in the freedom movement and contributed to the independence funds by saving their ration money.
The British administration in India sent secret reports of the CID to Lucknow and New Delhi saying that the Gurukul was a centre of revolutionaries where they made bombs and trained students to do or die for the motherland. Sir James Meston, Governor of the then United Provinces and later Sir Ramsay Mcdonald, Leader of the Opposition in the British House of Commons visited the Gurukul Kangri to see for themselves what the real situation was. The British leaders were impressed that Munshiram Ji had come out with an alternative to the Macaulay introduced education. As Administrator he impressed upon the distinguished visitors that each brahmachari was a bomb of new ideas that dispelled doubts and exposed superstitions. Later many graduates of the Gurukul holding degrees of Vedalankar and vidyalankar proceeded to the South to oppose the oppressive rule of the Nizam of Hyderabad that went against the interests of the Arya Samaj and rest of the Hindu society. Notwithstanding cruel treatment meted out to them by the Nizam’s officials, the Arya satyagrahis succeeded in their aim and had the bans on propagation of Vedic Dharm and renovation of temples rescinded.
The Flame of Freedom lighted by Maharishi Dayanand Saraswati from 1874 onwards is burning bright today too. Many a young man in India and of the Indian diaspora abroad has been influenced by it. Let us take the last war fought against the Islamic Republic of Pakistan in Kargil in 1999. Capt Saurav kalia of the Indian Army was taken prisoner by the enemy and done to death in a cruel manner. But the young officer neither made a plea for mercy nor divulge any military secrets to the enemy. His father attributed this courage and patriotism to the education imparted in the Dayanand School, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh and influence of Vedic Thought of Maharishi Dayanand.
Lieutenant Manoj Pande, a young officer just passed out of the Indian Military Academy displayed raw courage, devotion to duty and bravery of extra-ordinary nature in exterminating the Pakistan soldiers and recapturing Khalubar peak in the Kargil area. He made the supreme sacrifice to defend Bharat – his motherland. He was cremated as per the Sanskar Vidhi of Maharishi. His parents said that he was greatly influenced by the Dayanand Thought in his personal conduct and military adventure. The President of India awarded lt Manoj Pade Param Vir Chakra, the highest gallantry medal.
Defence of the nation is a National Duty, so writes the Maharishi in the sixth chapter of Satyarth Prakash. All citizens have to shoulder this responsibility. It is not only the gun that counts in battle but the man behind the gun counts more. The shastra combined with shastra should form our comprehensive military training to transform a raw recruit into a brave and battle-efficient Jawan of Bharat. Herein come the revolutionary ideas of Dayanand on Defence that would guide and inspire us, Indians, generation after generation to be brave, sacrificing and above all be PATRIOTIC.
UPVAN 609, Sector 29, NOIDA – 201303, INDIA Mobile: 0091-9811173590.
Email : sawantg.chitranjan@gmail.com
War of Independence:
MAHARISHI DAYANAND : POWER POINT OF INSPIRATION
The Indian historians list Meerutt as the focal point where the First war of Independence commenced and the point of time was June 1857. Generally speaking we talk of the armed battles fought between the then British rulers and the Indian soldiers and subjects and end the matter there. There is, however, a need to fathom the depth more and find out what role did our scriptures and Dharm Gurus play besides the weapon system. Let us proceed on the assumption that the human body acts or refrains from acting as per the guidance of the mind and the soul. Indeed the soul has to have a power point of inspiration that motivates it for doing a KARMA.
While writing the history of the Indian National Congress Shri Pattabhi Sitaramaiyya has explicitly mentioned that in the ongoing war of independence, there was a large number of believers in Vedic Dharm among the freedom fighters. The organisational name of their collective body is the ARYA SAMAJ. At this point let us recall the glory of those Aryas who fought in the front line against the British albeit through peaceful means. The galaxy of freedom fighters comprises stalwarts like Mahatma Munshi Ram who on entering the Sanyas ashram came to be known as Swami Shraddhanand, Lala Lajpat Rai, the Lion of Punjab who was exiled by the British government, Bhai Parmanand, Lala Har Dayal and Sardar Bhagat Singh – these are the patriots whom our nation will always recall with pride. Allow me to mention for the benefit of the new generation that initially among the Arya members of the Arya Samaj Lahore, the number of Sikh members was not negligible. I have written the above mentioned names because these are the august personalities and dedicated Arya Samajists who were inspired by the personality and writings of Sanyasi-reformer Maharishi Dayanand to plunge into the battle against the British rulers and gain Independence.
MAHARISHI DAYANAND’S THOUGHT ON INDEPENDENCE
Among the books written by Maharishi Dayanand, SATYARTH PRAKASH is the magnum opus. It was in 1874 that the Maharishi brought out the First Edition of his august treatise for the guidance of Mankind. Since some major mistakes had crept in, the Maharishi himself prepared an amended edition in 1883 at Maharana’s Udaipur before his tragic demise later at Ajmer. When Maharishi Dayanand was preaching and propagating the Vedic Dharm, the British were the supreme power and overlords not only in India but in most parts of the world. Queen Victoria, Empress of India was on the throne of England and her motherly image as a reigning sovereign was in every heart and mind in towns and villages of India. It was a common belief that there could not be a better rule than that of the British government. The pro-British elements among Indians drummed this point day in and day out so that no one could even think of asking for independence, leave alone fighting for it. Those who still persisted with a cry for freedom were punished and chastised to such an extent that the concept of independence vanished from their thought and action.
Maharishi Dayanand , as a Sanyasi and religious cum social reformer took it as his Duty to free the motherland, Bharat, from the yokes of foreign slavery. A high calibre psychologist like the Rishivar knew that he had to be a Crusader for letting common man have freedom of thought. The Rishi wanted to fight the propaganda war of the foreign forces and counteract the fictitious belief of “motherly love of the reigning queen” with his speeches and writings instilling in Indian minds love of independence .No rule, howsoever benevolent could be a substitute for self-rule, so said the Maharishi and the classes as well as the masses followed him like a pied piper. He enshrined his Thought on Freedom in the Satyarth Prakash. In the eighth chapter of the great book, the Maharishi wrote:
“Say what you will, the indigenous native rule is by far the best. A foreign government, perfectly free from religious prejudices, impartial towards all – the natives and the foreigners – kind, beneficent and just to the natives like their parents though it may be, can never render the people perfectly happy.” ( English version from Satyarth Prakash (Light of Truth) translated by Dr Chiranjiva Bharadwaja.)
In the 19th century the British government in India termed the above Idea as revolutionary. It was called Mutiny and treason against the British Empire. Indeed it was the self confidence and high morale of a fearless Sanyasi like Maharishi Dayanand who could bear the brunt of an angry administration that was running an empire. With a view to having an organization to carry on the flame of freedom and be an exponent of the Vedic Dharm for mankind, Maharishi Dayanand, on a suggestion of his devotees, agreed to formation of the Arya Samaj. To take care of the orphans, he opened orphanages and for promoting learning of the Sanskrit language, he opened Sanskrit pathshalas.. The Arya members of these organisations were led through the pages of Satyarth Praksh with an emphasis on waging a war of independence at the intellectual level and later on the battle field. It was but natural for the new generation of Indians to be influenced by Maharishi’s ideas. Lala Lajpat Rai while opposing the anti-people projects of the British administration in India always gratefully acknowledged the source of his inspiration as Maharishi Dayanand and called him as his Dharm Pita. (The English word GODFATHER is no patch on this).He boycotted the arrival of Simon Commission and while leading a protest procession bore the blows of police lathis and canes and suffered grievous injuries that caused his death. An eminent Arya of his stature made the supreme sacrifice at the altar of freedom. The story of lala Lajpat Rai’s life and death has been inspiring Indians generation after generation.
ARYA GURUKULAS IN FREEDOM MOVEMENT
Taking a cue from the Dayanand Thought on freedom from foreign rule, mahatma Munshiram opened the Gurukul Kangri near Haridwar where an emphasis was laid on freedom of thought and expression.To achieve this aim it was necessary to have the Gurukul education divorced from Macaulay’s Minute and let the Vedic system of education hold the sway. The brahmacharis were true to their ideals and along with developing their own personality always thought of the motherland. Many of them even participated in the freedom movement and contributed to the independence funds by saving their ration money.
The British administration in India sent secret reports of the CID to Lucknow and New Delhi saying that the Gurukul was a centre of revolutionaries where they made bombs and trained students to do or die for the motherland. Sir James Meston, Governor of the then United Provinces and later Sir Ramsay Mcdonald, Leader of the Opposition in the British House of Commons visited the Gurukul Kangri to see for themselves what the real situation was. The British leaders were impressed that Munshiram Ji had come out with an alternative to the Macaulay introduced education. As Administrator he impressed upon the distinguished visitors that each brahmachari was a bomb of new ideas that dispelled doubts and exposed superstitions. Later many graduates of the Gurukul holding degrees of Vedalankar and vidyalankar proceeded to the South to oppose the oppressive rule of the Nizam of Hyderabad that went against the interests of the Arya Samaj and rest of the Hindu society. Notwithstanding cruel treatment meted out to them by the Nizam’s officials, the Arya satyagrahis succeeded in their aim and had the bans on propagation of Vedic Dharm and renovation of temples rescinded.
The Flame of Freedom lighted by Maharishi Dayanand Saraswati from 1874 onwards is burning bright today too. Many a young man in India and of the Indian diaspora abroad has been influenced by it. Let us take the last war fought against the Islamic Republic of Pakistan in Kargil in 1999. Capt Saurav kalia of the Indian Army was taken prisoner by the enemy and done to death in a cruel manner. But the young officer neither made a plea for mercy nor divulge any military secrets to the enemy. His father attributed this courage and patriotism to the education imparted in the Dayanand School, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh and influence of Vedic Thought of Maharishi Dayanand.
Lieutenant Manoj Pande, a young officer just passed out of the Indian Military Academy displayed raw courage, devotion to duty and bravery of extra-ordinary nature in exterminating the Pakistan soldiers and recapturing Khalubar peak in the Kargil area. He made the supreme sacrifice to defend Bharat – his motherland. He was cremated as per the Sanskar Vidhi of Maharishi. His parents said that he was greatly influenced by the Dayanand Thought in his personal conduct and military adventure. The President of India awarded lt Manoj Pade Param Vir Chakra, the highest gallantry medal.
Defence of the nation is a National Duty, so writes the Maharishi in the sixth chapter of Satyarth Prakash. All citizens have to shoulder this responsibility. It is not only the gun that counts in battle but the man behind the gun counts more. The shastra combined with shastra should form our comprehensive military training to transform a raw recruit into a brave and battle-efficient Jawan of Bharat. Herein come the revolutionary ideas of Dayanand on Defence that would guide and inspire us, Indians, generation after generation to be brave, sacrificing and above all be PATRIOTIC.
UPVAN 609, Sector 29, NOIDA – 201303, INDIA Mobile: 0091-9811173590.
Email : sawantg.chitranjan@gmail.com
Monday, September 7, 2009
MAHARISHI DAYANAND : a SOURCE OF iNSPIRATION
рдУ3рдо्
рдорд╣рд░्рд╖ि рджрдпाрдиंрдж – рд╕्рд╡рддंрдд्рд░рддा рд╕ंрдЧ्рд░ाрдо рдХे рдк्рд░ेрд░рдгा рдкुंрдЬ
рдм्рд░िрдЧेрдбिрдпрд░ рдЪिрддрд░ंрдЬрди рд╕ाрд╡ंрдд, рд╡िрд╢िрд╖्рдЯ рд╕ेрд╡ा рдоेрдбрд▓
рдЗрддिрд╣ाрд╕рдХाрд░ рднाрд░рддीрдп рд╕्рд╡рддंрдд्рд░рддा рд╕ंрдЧ्рд░ाрдо рдХा рдЖрд░ंрдн рдЬूрди 1857 рд╕े рдоाрдирддे рдЖрдПं рд╣ै рдФрд░ рдЗрд╕рдХी рд╢ुрд░ुрдЖрдд рдХा рд╕्рдеाрди рдоेрд░рда рдоाрдиा рдЬाрддा рд░рд╣ा рд╣ै। рдЗрд╕ рд╕्рд╡ाрдзीрдирддा рд╕ंрдЧ्рд░ाрдо рдоे рдЬो рдЕंрдЧ्рд░ेрдЬ़ो рдХे рд╡िрд░ुрдж्рдз рднाрд░рддीрдпो рдиे рд▓рдб़ा рдоे рдХेрд╡рд▓ рд╢рд╕्рдд्рд░ рдХे рдЙрдкрдпोрдЧ рдХी рдЪрд░्рдЪा рд╣ोрддी рд╣ै рдФрд░ рд╡िрднिрди्рди рд╕्рдеाрдиों рдкрд░ рдЕंрдЧ्рд░ेрдЬ़ो рдФрд░ рднाрд░рддीрдпो рдХे рдмीрдЪ рд╣ुрдИ рд▓рдб़ाрдИрдпों рдХा рдЬ़िрдХ्рд░ рдХрд░ рдХे рд╣рдо рдЕрдз्рдпाрдп рдХी рдЗрддि рдХрд░ рджेрддे рд╣ैं। рдЖрд╡рд╢्рдпрдХрддा рд╣ै рдЧрд╣рд░ाрдИ рдоे рдЬाрдиे рдХी рдФрд░ рдпрд╣ рдЬाрдирдиे рдХी рдХि рд╢рд╕्рдд्рд░ рдХे рд╕ाрде рд╕ाрде рд╣рдоाрд░े рд╢ाрд╕्рдд्рд░ो рдиे рдХ्рдпा рднूрдоिрдХा рдиिрднाрдИ । рд╣рдоे рдпрд╣ рдоाрдирдХрд░ рдЪрд▓рдиा рд╣ोрдЧा рдХि рдордиुрд╖्рдп рдХा рд╢рд░ीрд░ рдХोрдИ рдХрд░्рдо рддрднी рдХрд░рддा рд╣ै рдЬрдм рдЙрд╕े рдорд╕्рддिрд╖्рдХ рдФрд░ рдЖрдд्рдоा рд╕े рдиिрд░्рджेрд╢ рдоिрд▓рддा рд╣ै। рдпрд╣ рдиिрд░्рджेрд╢ рддрднी рдЬाрд░ी рдХिрдпा рдЬा рд╕рдХрддा рд╣ै рдЬрдм рдЗрд╕рдХे рдкीрдЫे рдХोрдИ рдк्рд░ेрд░рдгा рдкुंрдЬ рд╣ो।
рднाрд░рддीрдп рд░ाрд╖्рдЯ्рд░ीрдп рдХांрдЧ्рд░ेрд╕ рдХे рдЗрддिрд╣ाрд╕ рдоें, рдЗрддिрд╣ाрд╕рдХाрд░ рд╢्рд░ी рдкрдЯ्рдЯाрднि рд╕ीрддाрд░рдоैрдп्рдпा рдиे рд╕्рдеाрди рд╕्рдеाрди рдкрд░ рд╕्рдкрд╖्рдЯ рд╢рдм्рджो рдоे рд▓िрдЦा рд╣ै рдХि рд╕्рд╡рддंрдд्рд░рддा рд╕ंрдЧ्рд░ाрдо рдХे рд╕ेрдиाрдиिрдпो рдоें рдПрдХ рдмрд╣ुрдд рдмрдб़ी рд╕ंрдЦ्рдпा рд╡ैрджिрдХ рдзрд░्рдоिрдпों рдХी рдеी । рдЙрдирдХा рд╕ंрдЧрдаिрдд рд░ूрдк рдЬो рд╕ाрдордиे рдЖрдпा рд╡ो рдЖрд░्рдп рд╕рдоाрдЬ рдХे рдиाрдо рд╕े рдЬाрдиा рдЬाрддा рд╣ै। рдпрд╣ीं рд╣рдо рдЙрди рдк्рд░рдоुрдЦ рдЖрд░्рдпों рдХी рдЪрд░्рдЪा рдХрд░ें рдЬो рд╕्рд╡рддंрдд्рд░рддा рд╕ंрдЧ्рд░ाрдо рдоे рдкрд╣рд▓ी рдкंрдХ्рддि рдоे рд▓рдб़े। рдорд╣ाрдд्рдоा рдоुंрд╢ी рд░ाрдо рдЬो рдмाрдж рдоे рд╕्рд╡ाрдоी рд╢्рд░рдж्рдзाрдиंрдж рдХрд╣рд▓ाрдП, рд▓ाрд▓ा рд▓ाрдЬрдкрдд рд░ाрдп рдЬिрди्рд╣े рдЕंрдЧ्рд░ेрдЬ़ो рдиे рднाрд░рдд рд╕े рдиिрд╖्рдХाрд╕िрдд рдХрд░ рджिрдпा рдеा, рднाрдИ рдкрд░рдоाрдиंрдж, рд▓ाрд▓ा рд╣рд░ рджрдпाрд▓ рдФрд░ рд╕рд░рджाрд░ рднрдЧрдд рд╕िंрд╣ рдХुрдЫ рдРрд╕े рд╡्рдпрдХ्рддिрдд्рд╡ рд╣ैं рдЬिрди्рд╣े рджेрд╢ рдХрднी рднुрд▓ा рдирд╣ी рд╕рдХрддा। рдирдИ рдкीрдв़ी рдХे рдкाрдардХो рдХे рд▓िрдП рдпрд╣ рдЪрд░्рдЪा рдХрд░рдиा рдЖрд╡рд╢्рдпрдХ рд╣ै рдХि рдЖрд░्рдп рд╕рдоाрдЬ рд▓ाрд╣ौрд░ рдХे рд╕рджрд╕्рдпो рдФрд░ рдкрджाрдзिрдХाрд░िрдпों рдоे рд╕िрдЦो рдХी рд╕ंрдЦ्рдпा рдХрдо рдирд╣ी рдеी। рдоैं рдЗрди рдк्рд░рдоुрдЦ рдиाрдоो рдХी рдЪрд░्рдЪा рдЗрд╕рд▓िрдП рдХрд░ рд░рд╣ा рд╣ूं рдХ्рдпोंрдХि рдпрд╣ рд╕рднी рдорд╣ाрдиुрднाрд╡ рд╕рдорд░्рдкिрдд рдЖрд░्рдп рд╕рдоाрдЬी рдеे рдЬिрди्рд╣ोрдиे рд╕्рд╡ाрдзीрдирддा рд╕ंрдЧ्рд░ाрдо рдоे рдЕंрдЧ्рд░ेрдЬ़ो рд╕े рд▓рдб़рдиे рдХी рдк्рд░ेрд░рдгा рд╕рди्рдпाрд╕ी-рд╕ुрдзाрд░рдХ рдорд╣рд░्рд╖ि рджрдпाрдиंрдж рд╕े рдкाрдИ।
рдорд╣рд░्рд╖ि рджрдпाрдиंрдж рдХे рд╕्рд╡рддंрдд्рд░рддा рд╕ंрдмंрдзी рд╡िрдЪाрд░
рдорд╣рд░्рд╖ि рджрдпाрдиंрдж рдж्рд╡ाрд░ा рд▓िрдЦी рдЧрдИ рдк्рд░рдоुрдЦ рдкुрд╕्рддрдХो рдоे рд╣ै рд╕рдд्рдпाрд░्рде рдк्рд░рдХाрд╢ । рдорд╣рд░्рд╖ि рдиे рдкрд╣рд▓ी рдмाрд░ 1874 рдоें рд╡ो рдХ्рд░ांрддिрдХाрд░ी рдкुрд╕्рддрдХ рд▓िрдЦी рдФрд░ рдЙрд╕рдХा рд╕ंрд╢ोрдзिрдд рд╕ंрд╕्рдХрд░рдг 1883 рдоें рдЕрдкрдиे рдиिрдзрди рд╕े рдкूрд░्рд╡ рддैрдпाрд░ рдХрд░ рд▓िрдпा рдеा. рдЙрди्рдиीрд╕рд╡ी рд╢рддाрдм्рджी рдХे рдЙрд╕ рджौрд░ рдоे рдорд╣рд░्рд╖ि рджрдпाрдиंрдж рдЬрдм рд╡ैрджिрдХ рдзрд░्рдо рдХा рдк्рд░рдЪाрд░ рдХрд░ рд░рд╣े рдеे рддो рди рдХेрд╡рд▓ рдкूрд░े рднाрд░рдд рдоे рдЕрдкिрддु рд╡िрд╢्рд╡ рдХे рдЕрдзिрдХांрд╢ рднाрдЧ рдоें рдЕंрдЧ्рд░ेрдЬ़ो рдХा рд╡рд░्рдЪрд╕्рд╡ рдеा। рд╕рдо्рд░ाрдЬ्рдЮी рдорд▓рдХा рд╡िрдХ्рдЯोрд░िрдпा рд▓ंрджрди рдоे рд░ाрдЬрдЧрдж्рджी рдкрд░ рдЖрд╕ीрди рдеीं рдФрд░ рдЙрдирдХी рдордорддाрдордИ рдЫрд╡ि рднाрд░рдд рдХे рдЧांрд╡ рдЧाрд╡ं рдоें рдШрд░ рдШрд░ рдЬाрдиी рдФрд░ рдкрд╣рдЪाрдиी рдЬाрддी рдеी । рдпрд╣ рдХрд╣ा рдЬाрддा рдеा рдХि рдЕंрдЧ्рд░ेрдЬ़ो рд╕े рдЕрдЪ्рдЫा рд░ाрдЬ्рдп рдХिрд╕ी рдХा рдирд╣ी рд╣ो рд╕рдХрддा рдеा । рдпрд╣ рд╡िрдЪाрд░ рдзाрд░ा рдЕंрдЧ्рд░ेрдЬ़ рдкрд░рд╕्рдд рддрдд्рд╡ो рдиे рдк्рд░рдЪाрд░िрдд рдк्рд░рд╕ाрд░िрдд рдХिрдпा рдеा рдЬिрд╕рд╕े рднाрд░рддीрдпों рдХे рдорди рдорд╕्рддिрд╖्рдХ рдоे рд╕्рд╡рддंрдд्рд░рддा рдХी рдмाрдд рдХрднी рдЖрдП рд╣ी рдирд╣ी। рдЗрд╕рдХा рд╡िрд░ोрдз рдХрд░рдиे рд╡ाрд▓ों рдХो рдоाрдирд╕िрдХ рддाрдб़рдиा рдФрд░ рд╢ाрд░ीрд░िрдХ рджंрдб рдЗрд╕ рдоाрдд्рд░ा рдоे рджिрдпा рдЬाрддा рдеा рдХि рд╡ो рдХрднी рд╕्рд╡ाрдзीрдирддा рдХी рдмाрдд рд╕ोрдЪ рднी рди рд╕рдХें।
рдорд╣рд░्рд╖ि рджрдпाрдиंрдж рд╕рд░рд╕्рд╡рддी рдиे рд╕рди्рдпाрд╕ी, рдзрд░्рдо рдПрд╡рдо рд╕рдоाрдЬ рд╕ुрдзाрд░рдХ рдХे рд░ुрдк рдоे рдпрд╣ рдЕрдкрдиा рдХрд░्рддрд╡्рдп рд╕рдордЭा рдХि рд╕्рд╡рджेрд╢ рднाрд░рдд рдХो рд╡िрджेрд╢ी рджाрд╕рддा рдХी рдмेрдб़िрдпों рд╕े рдоुрдХ्рдд рдХрд░ाрдпा рдЬाрдП। рдЛрд╖िрд╡рд░ рдЬैрд╕ा рдордиोрд╡ैрдЬ्рдЮाрдиिрдХ рдФрд░ рд╡िрдЪाрд░ों рдХी рд╕्рд╡ाрдзीрдирддा рдХा рд╕ेрдиाрдиी рдЗрд╕ рдмाрдд рдХो рднрд▓ी рднांрддि рдЬाрдирддे рдеे рдХि рдЕंрдЧ्рд░ेрдЬ़ो рдХे рд╡ैрдЪाрд░िрдХ рдк्рд░рдЪाрд░ рдХो рдпрджि рдХोрдИ рдЪीрдЬ़ рдХाрдЯ рд╕рдХрддी рд╣ै рддो рд╡ो рд╣ै рднाрд░рддीрдпो рдХी рд╕्рд╡ाрдзीрдирддा рдкाрдиे рдХी рд╡िрдЪाрд░рдзाрд░ा। рдЗрд╕рдХे рд▓िрдП рдпрд╣ рднी рдЖрд╡рд╢्рдпрдХ рдеा рдХि рдорд▓рдХा рд╡िрдХ्рдЯोрд░िрдпा рдХी рдордорддाрдордпी рдЫрд╡ि рд╕े рдЙрдкрд░ рдЙрда рдХрд░ рднाрд░рддीрдп рдирд░ рдиाрд░ी рд╕्рд╡рддंрдд्рд░ рджेрд╢ рдХे рд╡िрдЪाрд░ рдХो рд╕рд░्рд╡ोрдд्рддрдо рдоाрдиें। рдорд╣рд░्рд╖ि рджрдпाрдиंрдж рдиे рдпрд╣ рдмीрдб़ा рд╕्рд╡рдпं рдЙрдаाрдпा рддрдеा рдЕрдкрдиे рд▓ेрдЦрди рдФрд░ рдк्рд░рд╡рдЪрди рдоें рдЗрд╕рдХा рдк्рд░рддिрдкाрджрди рдХिрдпा। рдЗрд╕ рддрде्рдп рдХा рдк्рд░рдоाрдг рд╣ै рдорд╣ाрди рдЧ्рд░ंрде рд╕рдд्рдпाрд░्рде рдк्рд░рдХाрд╢।
рд╕рдд्рдпाрд░्рде рдк्рд░рдХाрд╢ рдХे рдЕрд╖्рдЯрдо рд╕рдо्рдоुрд▓ाрд╕ рдоे рдорд╣рд░्рд╖ि рджрдпाрдиंрдж рдиे рдЙрдкрд░ोрдХ्рдд рд╡िрдЪाрд░ рдзाрд░ा рдХी рдкुрд╖्рдЯि рдХрд░рддे рд╣ुрдП рд▓िрдЦा-
рдХोрдИ рдХिрддрдиा рд╣ी рдХрд░े рдкрд░ंрддु рдЬो рд╕्рд╡рджेрд╢ी рд░ाрдЬ्рдп рд╣ोрддा рд╣ै, рд╡рд╣ рд╕рд░्рд╡ोрдкрд░ि рдЙрдд्рддрдо рд╣ोрддा рд╣ै...рдордд рдорддाрддंрд░ рдХे рдЖрдЧ्рд░рд╣ рд░рд╣िрдд рдЕрдкрдиे рдФрд░ рдкрд░ाрдП рдХा рдкрдХ्рд╖рдкाрдд рд╢ूрди्рдп, рдк्рд░рдЬा рдкрд░ рдоाрддा рдкिрддा рд╕рдоाрди рдХृрдкा, рди्рдпाрдп рдФрд░ рджрдпा рдХे рд╕ाрде рднी – рд╡िрджेрд╢िрдпो рдХा рд░ाрдЬ्рдп рдкूрд░्рдг рд╕ुрдЦрджाрдпрдХ рдирд╣ी рд╣ै।
рдЙрди्рдиीрд╕рд╡ीं рд╢рддाрдм्рджी рдоे рднाрд░рдд рдоें рдЕंрдЧ्рд░ेрдЬ़ो рдХा рд╢ाрд╕рди рдорд╣рд░्рд╖ि рджрдпाрдиंрдж рдХे рдЙрдкрд░ोрдХ्рдд рд╡िрдЪाрд░ो рдХो рдХ्рд░ांрддिрдХाрд░ी рдоाрдирддा рдеा рдФрд░ рдм्рд░िрдЯिрд╢ рд╕ाрдорд░ाрдЬ्рдп рдХे рд╡िрд░ुрдж्рдз рд╡िрдк्рд▓рд╡ рдФрд░ рд╡िрдж्рд░ोрд╣ рдХी рд╕ंрдЬ्рдЮा рдЗрд╕े рджेрддा рдеा। рдпрд╣ рдиिрдбрд░ рд╕рди्рдпाрд╕ी рдХा рд╣ी рдЖрдд्рдорд╡िрд╢्рд╡ाрд╕ рдФрд░ рдЖрдд्рдордмрд▓ рдеा рдЬो рдЕрдХेрд▓े рдм्рд░िрдЯिрд╢ рд╕ाрдорд░ाрдЬ्рдп рдХे рдмрд╡ंрдбрд░ рдХो рдЭेрд▓ рд╕рдХрддा рдеा। рдпрд╣ी рдирд╣ीं, рд╕्рдеाрди рд╕्рдеाрди рдкрд░ рдорд╣рд░्рд╖ि рджрдпाрдиंрдж рдиे рдЖрд░्рдп рд╕рдоाрдЬ рдХी рд╕्рдеाрдкрдиा рдХी, рдЕрдиाрдеाрд▓рдп рдЦोрд▓े рдФрд░ рд╕ंрд╕्рдХृрдд рдкाрдард╢ाрд▓ाрдП рднी рдЦोрд▓ीं рдЬрд╣ां рд╡िрдж्рдпाрд░्рдеिрдпों рдФрд░ рдЖрд░्рдп рд╕рднाрд╕рджों рдХो рд╕рдд्рдпाрд░्рде рдк्рд░рдХाрд╢ рдоें рд▓िрдЦी рд╡िрдЪाрд░ рдзाрд░ा рд╕े рдмाрд░рдо्рдмाрд░ рдк्рд░рднाрд╡िрдд рдХिрдпा рдЬाрддा рдеा। рдЗрд╕ рд╡ैрдЪाрд░िрдХ рд╕्рд╡рддंрдд्рд░рддा рдЕрднिрдпाрди рдХा рдк्рд░рднाрд╡ рдирдИ рдкीрдв़ी рдкрд░ рдкрдб़рдиा рд╕्рд╡ाрднाрд╡िрдХ рдеा। рд▓ाрд▓ा рд▓ाрдЬрдкрдд рд░ाрдп рдиे рдЬрдм рдЬрдм рдЕंрдЧ्рд░ेрдЬ़ो рдХे рд╡िрд░ुрдж्рдз рдХाрд░्рдпрд╡ाрдИ рдХी рдФрд░ рдЙрдирдХे рдмрдб़े рдк्рд░рд╢ाрд╕рдХों рдХी рдпोрдЬрдиाрдУं рдХो рднाрд░рдд рд╡िрд░ोрдзी рдмрддाрдпा рддो рдпрд╣ рд╕рджैрд╡ рдХрд╣ा рдХि рдпрд╣ рдк्рд░ेрд░рдгा рдЙрди्рд╣े рдЕрдкрдиे рдзрд░्рдо рдкिрддा рдорд╣рд░्рд╖ि рджрдпाрдиंрдж рд╕े рдоिрд▓ी। рд▓ाрд╣ौрд░ рдоें рд╕ाрдЗрдорди рдХрдоीрд╢рди рдХा рд╡िрд░ोрдз рдХрд░рддे рд╣ुрдП рдЕрдкрдиी рдврд▓рддी рдЖрдпु рдоे рднी рд▓ाрд▓ा рд▓ाрдЬрдкрдд рд░ाрдп рдиे рдЕंрдЧ्рд░ेрдЬ़ों рдХी рд▓ाрдаिрдпां рд╕рд╣ीं рдФрд░ рдЙрди рдЪोрдЯों рдХी рд╡рдЬрд╣ рд╕े рдЙрдирдХा рдк्рд░ाрдгांрдд рд╣ुрдЖ। рднाрд░рдд рдХी рд╕्рд╡рддंрдд्рд░рддा рдХी рд╡ेрджी рдкрд░ рд▓ाрд▓ा рд▓ाрдЬрдкрдд рд░ाрдп рдХा рдмрд▓िрджाрди рдЙрд▓्рд▓ेрдЦрдиीрдп рд╣ै।
рд╕्рд╡рддंрдд्рд░рддा рд╕ंрдЧ्рд░ाрдо рдоे рдЖрд░्рдп рдЧुрд░ुрдХुрд▓
рдорд╣ाрдд्рдоा рдоुрд╢ींрд░ाрдо рдиे рдорд╣рд░्рд╖ि рджрдпाрдиंрдж рдХे рд╕्рд╡ाрдзीрдирддा рд╕ंрдмंрдзी рд╡िрдЪाрд░ो рд╕े рдк्рд░ेрд░рдгा рд▓ेрддे рд╣ुрдП рдРрд╕ी рд╢िрдХ्рд╖ा рд╕ंрд╕्рдеा рд╢ुрд░ु рдХी рдЬрд╣ां рдХिрд╢ोрд░ो рдФрд░ рдпुрд╡ा рд╡рд░्рдЧ рдоे рд╡ैрдЪाрд░िрдХ рд╕्рд╡ाрдзीрдирддा рдк्рд░рдоुрдЦ рд╣ो। рдЗрд╕рдХे рд▓िрдП рдЖрд╡рд╢्рдпрдХ рдеा рд▓ॉрд░्рдб рдоैрдХॉрд▓े рдХी рд╢िрдХ्рд╖ा рд╕े рдЕрд▓рдЧ рд╣рдЯ рдХрд░ рд╡ैрджिрдХ рд╢िрдХ्рд╖ा рдкрдж्рдзрддि рдХो рд▓ाрдЧू рдХрд░рдиा। рдЧुрд░ुрдХुрд▓ рдХांрдЧрдб़ी рд╣рд░िрдж्рд╡ाрд░ рдиे рдпрд╣ рдХाрд░्рдп рднрд▓ि рднाрддिं рдФрд░ рд╕ुрдЪाрд░ु рд░ुрдк рд╕े рдХिрдпा। рд╣рд░ рдирдпा рдм्рд░рд╣्рдордЪाрд░ी рдЕрдкрдиे рд╡्рдпрдХ्рддिрдд्рд╡ рдХा рд╡िрдХाрд╕ рддो рдХрд░рддा рд╣ी рдеी рдХिंрддु рд╕ाрде рд╕ाрде рджेрд╢ рдХो рд╕्рд╡ाрдзीрди рдХрд░рдиे рдХे рд▓िрдП рд╕рд░्рд╡рд╕्рд╡ рди्рдпोрдЫाрд╡рд░ рдХрд░рдиे рдХो рднी рддрдд्рдкрд░ рд░рд╣рддा рдеा। рдЧुрд░ुрдХुрд▓ рдХे рдЕрдиेрдХ рд╡िрдж्рдпाрд░्рдеी рд╕्рд╡рддंрдд्рд░рддा рд╕ंрдЧ्рд░ाрдо рдоे рдХूрдж рдкрдб़े।
рдм्рд░िрдЯिрд╢ рд╢ाрд╕рди рдХे рдЧुрдк्рддрдЪрд░ рд╡िрднाрдЧ рдиे рдкрд╣рд▓े рд▓рдЦрдирдК рдлिрд░ рджिрд▓्рд▓ी рддрдХ рдпрд╣ рд░िрдкोрд░्рдЯ рднेрдЬी рдХि рдЧुрд░ूрдХुрд▓ рдХांрдЧрдб़ी рдоे рддो рдмрдо рдмрдиाрдП рдЬाрддे рд╣ैं рдФрд░ рдХ्рд░ांрддिрдХाрд░ी рддैрдпाрд░ рдХिрдП рдЬाрддे рд╣ैं рдЬो рдм्рд░िрдЯिрд╢ рд╕ाрдорд░ाрдЬ्рдп рдХी рдЬрдб़ें рднाрд░рдд рд╕े рдЙрдЦाрдб़рдиे рдХे рд▓िрдП рдЕрдкрдиे рдЬीрд╡рди рдХा рдмрд▓िрджाрди рджेрдиे рдХे рд▓िрдП рднी рддैрдпाрд░ рд╣ैं। рдпूрдкी рдпाрдиि рдпूрдиाрдЗрдЯेрдб рдк्рд░ोрд╡िंрд╕ेрдЬ़ рдХे рдЧрд╡рд░्рдирд░ рд╕рд░ рдЬेрдо्рд╕ рдоेрд╕्рдЯрди, рд▓ंрджрди рдоे рдм्рд░िрдЯेрд╢ рд╕ंрд╕рдж рдоे рдк्рд░рддिрдкрдХ्рд╖ рдиेрддा рд╕рд░ рд░ैрдордЬ़े рдоैрдХ़рдбॉрдирд▓्рдб рд╕рдордп рд╕рдордп рдкрд░ рд╕्рд╡рдпं рдЧुрд░ुрдХुрд▓ рдЧрдП । рдЙрди्рд╣ोрдиे рдЧुрд░ुрдХुрд▓ рдХे рдк्рд░рдгेрддा рдПрд╡ं рдоुрдЦ्рдп рдЕрдзिрд╖्рдаाрддा рдорд╣ाрдд्рдоा рдоुंрд╢ीрд░ाрдо рд╕े рдЧुрд░ुрдХुрд▓ рдоे рдмрдо рдмрдиाрдП рдЬाрдиे рдХे рдЕрдлрд╡ाрд╣ो рдХी рдЪрд░्рдЪा рднी рдХी। рдЕрдлрд╡ाрд╣ рдиिрд░ाрдзाрд░ рдиिрдХрд▓ी। рдоुंрд╢ीрд░ाрдо рдЬी рдиे рдХрд╣ा рдХि рдЧुрд░ुрдХुрд▓ рдХा рд╣рд░ рдм्рд░рд╣्рдордЪाрд░ी рдЕрдкрдиे рдЖрдк рдоे рдПрдХ рд╡ैрдЪाрд░िрдХ рдмрдо рд╣ै, рд╕рдоाрдЬ рд╕ुрдзाрд░рдХ рд╣ै рдФрд░ рд╡ैрджिрдХ рд╡िрдЪाрд░рдзाрд░ा рд╕े рдУрддрдк्рд░ोрдд рд╣ै। рдорд╣ाрдд्рдоा рдЬी рд╕े рдмाрддрдЪीрдд рдХрд░ рдХे рдмрдб़े рдмрдб़े рдЕंрдЧ्рд░ेрдЬ़ рдкрджाрдзिрдХाрд░ी рдЖрд╢्рд╡рд╕्рдд рд╣ुрдП рдХि рдЧुрд░ुрдХुрд▓ рдоे рдирдИ рд╢िрдХ्рд╖ा рдк्рд░рдгाрд▓ी рдоैрдХॉрд▓े рдк्рд░рдгाрд▓ी рдХा рдк्рд░рддिрдЙрдд्рддрд░ рдеा рдФрд░ рдЙрд╕рд╕े рдм्рд░िрдЯिрд╢ рд╕ाрдорд░ाрдЬ्рдп рдХा рдХोрдИ рдЕрд╣िрдд рдирд╣ी рд╣ोрдиे рд╡ाрд▓ा рдеा। рд╕ंрднрд╡рдд: рдпрд╣ рдЙрдирдХी рднूрд▓ рдеी। рдЧुрд░ुрдХुрд▓ рдХे рдЕрдиेрдХ рд╕्рдиाрддрдХ, рд╡िрдж्рдпाрд▓ंрдХाрд░, рд╡ेрджाрд▓ंрдХाрд░ рдХी рдЙрдкाрдзिрдпो рд╕े рд╡िрднूрд╖िрдд, рди рдХेрд╡рд▓ рдЕंрдЧ्рд░ेрдЬ़ो рд╕े рд▓рдб़рддे рд╣ुрдП рдЬेрд▓ рдЧрдП рдмрд▓्рдХि рдиिрдЬ़ाрдо рд╣ैрджрд░ाрдмाрдж рдж्рд╡ाрд░ा рдЖрд░्рдп рд╕рдоाрдЬों рдФрд░ рд╢ेрд╖ рд╣िंрджू рд╕рдоाрдЬ рдкрд░ рдХिрдП рдЬा рд░рд╣े рдЕрдд्рдпाрдЪाрд░ों рдХे рд╡िрд░ोрдз рдоे рдЙрди्рд╣ोрдиे рдЖंрджोрд▓рди рдХिрдпा рдФрд░ рдХрдаिрдиाрдИंрдпो рдХो рдЭेрд▓рддे рд╣ुрдП рд╡िрдЬрдпी рд╣ुрдП।
рд╕्рд╡рддंрдд्рд░рддा рдХी рд▓ौ рдЬो рдорд╣рд░्рд╖ि рджрдпाрдиंрдж рд╕рд░рд╕्рд╡рддी рдж्рд╡ाрд░ा рдк्рд░рддрдкाрджिрдд рд╡ैрджिрдХ рд╡िрдЪाрд░рдзाрд░ा рдиे рдк्рд░рдЬ्рдЬ्рд╡рд▓िрдд рдХी рд╡ो рдЖрдЬ рднी рд╕рдЬीрд╡ рд╣ै। рдЕрдиेрдХ рдРрд╕े рдирд╡рдпुрд╡рдХ рд╣ैं рдЬिрди्рд╣े рд╕рдд्рдпाрд░्рде рдк्рд░рдХाрд╢ рдиे рдоाрдирд╕िрдХ рд░ूрдк рд╕े рдк्рд░рднाрд╡िрдд рдХिрдпा рдФрд░ рдЬो рд╕्рд╡рджेрд╢ рд╕ुрд░рдХ्рд╖ा рдХी рд╡ेрджी рдкрд░ рд╕्рд╡рдпं рдЖрд╣ुрддि рдмрди рдЧрдП। 1999 рдХे рдХाрд░рдЧिрд▓ рдпुрдж्рдз рдоें рдРрд╕े рдмрд▓िрджाрди рд╣ो рдЬाрдиे рд╡ाрд▓े рдирд╡рдпुрд╡рдХो рдоे рдкрд╣рд▓े рдеे рдХैрдк्рдЯрди рд╕ौрд░рд╡ рдХाрд▓िрдпा। рд╡ो рдбी рдП рд╡ी рд╡िрдж्рдпाрд▓рдп рдкाрд▓рдордкुрд░ рд╣िрдоाрдЪрд▓ рдк्рд░рджेрд╢ рдХे рд╡िрдж्рдпाрд░्рдеी рдеे рдФрд░ рдЬрдм рдкाрдХिрд╕्рддाрдиी рд╕ेрдиा рдиे рдХ्рд░ूрд░рддा рд╕े рдЙрдирдХी рд╣рдд्рдпा рдХी рдФрд░ рд╢рд░ीрд░ рдХ्рд╖рдд рд╡िрдХ्рд╖рдд рдХिрдпा рддो рднी рдЙрди्рд╣ोрдиे рдЙрдл рдирд╣ी рдХिрдпा рдФрд░ рди рд╣ी рдХी рдХ्рд╖рдоा рдпाрдЪрдиा। рд╕ौрд░рд╡ рдХाрд▓िрдпा рдХे рдкिрддा рдиे рдЗрд╕ рдмрд▓िрджाрди рдХी рднाрд╡рдиा рдХे рдкीрдЫे рджрдпाрдиंрдж рд╡िрдж्рдпाрд▓рдп рдоें рдкाрдИ рд╢िрдХ्рд╖ा рдХो рд╢्рд░ेрдп рджिрдпा।
рд▓ैрдл्рдЯेрдиिंрдЯ рдордиोрдЬ рдкांрдбेрдп рдиे рдЦाрд▓ूрдмाрд░ рдХी рджुрд░्рдЧрдо рдЪोрдЯिрдпों рдкрд░ рджुрд╢्рдорди рд╕े рдпुрдж्рдз рдХрд░рддे рд╣ुрдП рдЕрдкрдиे рдЬीрд╡рди рдХी рдЪिंрддा рдирд╣ीं рдХी। рдЬрд╡ाрдиो рдХा рдордиोрдмрд▓ рдмрдв़ाрддे рд╣ुрдП рд╢рдд्рд░ु рдХी рдЧोрд▓िрдпों рдХो рд╢рд░ीрд░ рдкрд░ рд╕рд╣рди рдХрд░рддे рд╣ुрдП рд╡ो рдЖрдЧे рдмрдв़рддे рд░рд╣े рдФрд░ рдЖрдЦिрд░ рдоे рдЙрд╕ рд╕्рдеाрди рд╕े рд╢рдд्рд░ु рд╕ेрдиा рдХो рдЦрджेрдб़ рдХрд░ рд╣ी рджрдо рд▓िрдпा। рдЧंрднीрд░ рдШाрд╡ों рдХे рдХाрд░рдг рд╡े рд╡ीрд░рдЧрддि рдХो рдк्рд░ाрдк्рдд рд╣ुрдП। рдЖрд░्рдп рдкрд░िрд╡ाрд░ рдоे рдкрд▓े рдЙрд╕ рдирд╡рдпुрд╡рдХ рдХा рдЕंрддिрдо рд╕ंрд╕्рдХाрд░ – рд╕ंрд╕्рдХाрд░ рд╡िрдзि рдХे рдЕрдиुрд╕ाрд░ рдХिрдпा рдЧрдпा । рд░ाрд╖्рдЯ्рд░ рдиे рд▓ैрдл्рдЯेрдиिंрдЯ рдордиोрдЬ рдкांрдбेрдп рдХो рд╕рд░्рд╡ोрдЪ्рдЪ рд╡ीрд░рддा рдкрджрдХ рдкрд░рдорд╡ीрд░ рдЪрдХ्рд░ рд╕े рдорд░рдгोрдкрд░ांрдд рд╕рдо्рдоाрдиिрдд рдХिрдпा।
рд╕्рд╡рджेрд╢ рд╕ुрд░рдХ्рд╖ा, рд░ाрд╖्рдЯ्рд░ीрдп рдХрд░्рддрд╡्рдп рд╣ै। рджिрди рдк्рд░рддिрджिрди рд╣рдоे рд╕рдЬрдЧ рд░рд╣рддे рдХी рдЖрд╡рд╢्рдпрдХрддा рд╣ै। рди рдХेрд╡рд▓ рд╕рд╢рд╕्рдд्рд░ рд╕ेрдиाрдУ рдХो рдмрд▓्рдХि рдкूрд░े рд░ाрд╖्рдЯ्рд░ рдХो рд╢ाрд░ीрд░िрдХ, рдоाрдирд╕िрдХ рдФрд░ рдЖрдд्рдоिрдХ рд░ूрдк рд╕े рдмрд▓рд╡ाрди рдмрдирдиा рд╣ै рдЬिрд╕рд╕े рд╣рдо рд╕्рд╡рддंрдд्рд░рддा рд╕ंрдЧ्рд░ाрдо рдХी рдорд╣ाрди рдкрд░ंрдкрд░ा рд╕े рдкीрдв़ी рджрд░ рдкीрдв़ी рдХो рджेрд╢ рдк्рд░ेрдо рдХी рдк्рд░ेрд░рдгा рджेрддे рд░рд╣ें।
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рдорд╣рд░्рд╖ि рджрдпाрдиंрдж – рд╕्рд╡рддंрдд्рд░рддा рд╕ंрдЧ्рд░ाрдо рдХे рдк्рд░ेрд░рдгा рдкुंрдЬ
рдм्рд░िрдЧेрдбिрдпрд░ рдЪिрддрд░ंрдЬрди рд╕ाрд╡ंрдд, рд╡िрд╢िрд╖्рдЯ рд╕ेрд╡ा рдоेрдбрд▓
рдЗрддिрд╣ाрд╕рдХाрд░ рднाрд░рддीрдп рд╕्рд╡рддंрдд्рд░рддा рд╕ंрдЧ्рд░ाрдо рдХा рдЖрд░ंрдн рдЬूрди 1857 рд╕े рдоाрдирддे рдЖрдПं рд╣ै рдФрд░ рдЗрд╕рдХी рд╢ुрд░ुрдЖрдд рдХा рд╕्рдеाрди рдоेрд░рда рдоाрдиा рдЬाрддा рд░рд╣ा рд╣ै। рдЗрд╕ рд╕्рд╡ाрдзीрдирддा рд╕ंрдЧ्рд░ाрдо рдоे рдЬो рдЕंрдЧ्рд░ेрдЬ़ो рдХे рд╡िрд░ुрдж्рдз рднाрд░рддीрдпो рдиे рд▓рдб़ा рдоे рдХेрд╡рд▓ рд╢рд╕्рдд्рд░ рдХे рдЙрдкрдпोрдЧ рдХी рдЪрд░्рдЪा рд╣ोрддी рд╣ै рдФрд░ рд╡िрднिрди्рди рд╕्рдеाрдиों рдкрд░ рдЕंрдЧ्рд░ेрдЬ़ो рдФрд░ рднाрд░рддीрдпो рдХे рдмीрдЪ рд╣ुрдИ рд▓рдб़ाрдИрдпों рдХा рдЬ़िрдХ्рд░ рдХрд░ рдХे рд╣рдо рдЕрдз्рдпाрдп рдХी рдЗрддि рдХрд░ рджेрддे рд╣ैं। рдЖрд╡рд╢्рдпрдХрддा рд╣ै рдЧрд╣рд░ाрдИ рдоे рдЬाрдиे рдХी рдФрд░ рдпрд╣ рдЬाрдирдиे рдХी рдХि рд╢рд╕्рдд्рд░ рдХे рд╕ाрде рд╕ाрде рд╣рдоाрд░े рд╢ाрд╕्рдд्рд░ो рдиे рдХ्рдпा рднूрдоिрдХा рдиिрднाрдИ । рд╣рдоे рдпрд╣ рдоाрдирдХрд░ рдЪрд▓рдиा рд╣ोрдЧा рдХि рдордиुрд╖्рдп рдХा рд╢рд░ीрд░ рдХोрдИ рдХрд░्рдо рддрднी рдХрд░рддा рд╣ै рдЬрдм рдЙрд╕े рдорд╕्рддिрд╖्рдХ рдФрд░ рдЖрдд्рдоा рд╕े рдиिрд░्рджेрд╢ рдоिрд▓рддा рд╣ै। рдпрд╣ рдиिрд░्рджेрд╢ рддрднी рдЬाрд░ी рдХिрдпा рдЬा рд╕рдХрддा рд╣ै рдЬрдм рдЗрд╕рдХे рдкीрдЫे рдХोрдИ рдк्рд░ेрд░рдгा рдкुंрдЬ рд╣ो।
рднाрд░рддीрдп рд░ाрд╖्рдЯ्рд░ीрдп рдХांрдЧ्рд░ेрд╕ рдХे рдЗрддिрд╣ाрд╕ рдоें, рдЗрддिрд╣ाрд╕рдХाрд░ рд╢्рд░ी рдкрдЯ्рдЯाрднि рд╕ीрддाрд░рдоैрдп्рдпा рдиे рд╕्рдеाрди рд╕्рдеाрди рдкрд░ рд╕्рдкрд╖्рдЯ рд╢рдм्рджो рдоे рд▓िрдЦा рд╣ै рдХि рд╕्рд╡рддंрдд्рд░рддा рд╕ंрдЧ्рд░ाрдо рдХे рд╕ेрдиाрдиिрдпो рдоें рдПрдХ рдмрд╣ुрдд рдмрдб़ी рд╕ंрдЦ्рдпा рд╡ैрджिрдХ рдзрд░्рдоिрдпों рдХी рдеी । рдЙрдирдХा рд╕ंрдЧрдаिрдд рд░ूрдк рдЬो рд╕ाрдордиे рдЖрдпा рд╡ो рдЖрд░्рдп рд╕рдоाрдЬ рдХे рдиाрдо рд╕े рдЬाрдиा рдЬाрддा рд╣ै। рдпрд╣ीं рд╣рдо рдЙрди рдк्рд░рдоुрдЦ рдЖрд░्рдпों рдХी рдЪрд░्рдЪा рдХрд░ें рдЬो рд╕्рд╡рддंрдд्рд░рддा рд╕ंрдЧ्рд░ाрдо рдоे рдкрд╣рд▓ी рдкंрдХ्рддि рдоे рд▓рдб़े। рдорд╣ाрдд्рдоा рдоुंрд╢ी рд░ाрдо рдЬो рдмाрдж рдоे рд╕्рд╡ाрдоी рд╢्рд░рдж्рдзाрдиंрдж рдХрд╣рд▓ाрдП, рд▓ाрд▓ा рд▓ाрдЬрдкрдд рд░ाрдп рдЬिрди्рд╣े рдЕंрдЧ्рд░ेрдЬ़ो рдиे рднाрд░рдд рд╕े рдиिрд╖्рдХाрд╕िрдд рдХрд░ рджिрдпा рдеा, рднाрдИ рдкрд░рдоाрдиंрдж, рд▓ाрд▓ा рд╣рд░ рджрдпाрд▓ рдФрд░ рд╕рд░рджाрд░ рднрдЧрдд рд╕िंрд╣ рдХुрдЫ рдРрд╕े рд╡्рдпрдХ्рддिрдд्рд╡ рд╣ैं рдЬिрди्рд╣े рджेрд╢ рдХрднी рднुрд▓ा рдирд╣ी рд╕рдХрддा। рдирдИ рдкीрдв़ी рдХे рдкाрдардХो рдХे рд▓िрдП рдпрд╣ рдЪрд░्рдЪा рдХрд░рдиा рдЖрд╡рд╢्рдпрдХ рд╣ै рдХि рдЖрд░्рдп рд╕рдоाрдЬ рд▓ाрд╣ौрд░ рдХे рд╕рджрд╕्рдпो рдФрд░ рдкрджाрдзिрдХाрд░िрдпों рдоे рд╕िрдЦो рдХी рд╕ंрдЦ्рдпा рдХрдо рдирд╣ी рдеी। рдоैं рдЗрди рдк्рд░рдоुрдЦ рдиाрдоो рдХी рдЪрд░्рдЪा рдЗрд╕рд▓िрдП рдХрд░ рд░рд╣ा рд╣ूं рдХ्рдпोंрдХि рдпрд╣ рд╕рднी рдорд╣ाрдиुрднाрд╡ рд╕рдорд░्рдкिрдд рдЖрд░्рдп рд╕рдоाрдЬी рдеे рдЬिрди्рд╣ोрдиे рд╕्рд╡ाрдзीрдирддा рд╕ंрдЧ्рд░ाрдо рдоे рдЕंрдЧ्рд░ेрдЬ़ो рд╕े рд▓рдб़рдиे рдХी рдк्рд░ेрд░рдгा рд╕рди्рдпाрд╕ी-рд╕ुрдзाрд░рдХ рдорд╣рд░्рд╖ि рджрдпाрдиंрдж рд╕े рдкाрдИ।
рдорд╣рд░्рд╖ि рджрдпाрдиंрдж рдХे рд╕्рд╡рддंрдд्рд░рддा рд╕ंрдмंрдзी рд╡िрдЪाрд░
рдорд╣рд░्рд╖ि рджрдпाрдиंрдж рдж्рд╡ाрд░ा рд▓िрдЦी рдЧрдИ рдк्рд░рдоुрдЦ рдкुрд╕्рддрдХो рдоे рд╣ै рд╕рдд्рдпाрд░्рде рдк्рд░рдХाрд╢ । рдорд╣рд░्рд╖ि рдиे рдкрд╣рд▓ी рдмाрд░ 1874 рдоें рд╡ो рдХ्рд░ांрддिрдХाрд░ी рдкुрд╕्рддрдХ рд▓िрдЦी рдФрд░ рдЙрд╕рдХा рд╕ंрд╢ोрдзिрдд рд╕ंрд╕्рдХрд░рдг 1883 рдоें рдЕрдкрдиे рдиिрдзрди рд╕े рдкूрд░्рд╡ рддैрдпाрд░ рдХрд░ рд▓िрдпा рдеा. рдЙрди्рдиीрд╕рд╡ी рд╢рддाрдм्рджी рдХे рдЙрд╕ рджौрд░ рдоे рдорд╣рд░्рд╖ि рджрдпाрдиंрдж рдЬрдм рд╡ैрджिрдХ рдзрд░्рдо рдХा рдк्рд░рдЪाрд░ рдХрд░ рд░рд╣े рдеे рддो рди рдХेрд╡рд▓ рдкूрд░े рднाрд░рдд рдоे рдЕрдкिрддु рд╡िрд╢्рд╡ рдХे рдЕрдзिрдХांрд╢ рднाрдЧ рдоें рдЕंрдЧ्рд░ेрдЬ़ो рдХा рд╡рд░्рдЪрд╕्рд╡ рдеा। рд╕рдо्рд░ाрдЬ्рдЮी рдорд▓рдХा рд╡िрдХ्рдЯोрд░िрдпा рд▓ंрджрди рдоे рд░ाрдЬрдЧрдж्рджी рдкрд░ рдЖрд╕ीрди рдеीं рдФрд░ рдЙрдирдХी рдордорддाрдордИ рдЫрд╡ि рднाрд░рдд рдХे рдЧांрд╡ рдЧाрд╡ं рдоें рдШрд░ рдШрд░ рдЬाрдиी рдФрд░ рдкрд╣рдЪाрдиी рдЬाрддी рдеी । рдпрд╣ рдХрд╣ा рдЬाрддा рдеा рдХि рдЕंрдЧ्рд░ेрдЬ़ो рд╕े рдЕрдЪ्рдЫा рд░ाрдЬ्рдп рдХिрд╕ी рдХा рдирд╣ी рд╣ो рд╕рдХрддा рдеा । рдпрд╣ рд╡िрдЪाрд░ рдзाрд░ा рдЕंрдЧ्рд░ेрдЬ़ рдкрд░рд╕्рдд рддрдд्рд╡ो рдиे рдк्рд░рдЪाрд░िрдд рдк्рд░рд╕ाрд░िрдд рдХिрдпा рдеा рдЬिрд╕рд╕े рднाрд░рддीрдпों рдХे рдорди рдорд╕्рддिрд╖्рдХ рдоे рд╕्рд╡рддंрдд्рд░рддा рдХी рдмाрдд рдХрднी рдЖрдП рд╣ी рдирд╣ी। рдЗрд╕рдХा рд╡िрд░ोрдз рдХрд░рдиे рд╡ाрд▓ों рдХो рдоाрдирд╕िрдХ рддाрдб़рдиा рдФрд░ рд╢ाрд░ीрд░िрдХ рджंрдб рдЗрд╕ рдоाрдд्рд░ा рдоे рджिрдпा рдЬाрддा рдеा рдХि рд╡ो рдХрднी рд╕्рд╡ाрдзीрдирддा рдХी рдмाрдд рд╕ोрдЪ рднी рди рд╕рдХें।
рдорд╣рд░्рд╖ि рджрдпाрдиंрдж рд╕рд░рд╕्рд╡рддी рдиे рд╕рди्рдпाрд╕ी, рдзрд░्рдо рдПрд╡рдо рд╕рдоाрдЬ рд╕ुрдзाрд░рдХ рдХे рд░ुрдк рдоे рдпрд╣ рдЕрдкрдиा рдХрд░्рддрд╡्рдп рд╕рдордЭा рдХि рд╕्рд╡рджेрд╢ рднाрд░рдд рдХो рд╡िрджेрд╢ी рджाрд╕рддा рдХी рдмेрдб़िрдпों рд╕े рдоुрдХ्рдд рдХрд░ाрдпा рдЬाрдП। рдЛрд╖िрд╡рд░ рдЬैрд╕ा рдордиोрд╡ैрдЬ्рдЮाрдиिрдХ рдФрд░ рд╡िрдЪाрд░ों рдХी рд╕्рд╡ाрдзीрдирддा рдХा рд╕ेрдиाрдиी рдЗрд╕ рдмाрдд рдХो рднрд▓ी рднांрддि рдЬाрдирддे рдеे рдХि рдЕंрдЧ्рд░ेрдЬ़ो рдХे рд╡ैрдЪाрд░िрдХ рдк्рд░рдЪाрд░ рдХो рдпрджि рдХोрдИ рдЪीрдЬ़ рдХाрдЯ рд╕рдХрддी рд╣ै рддो рд╡ो рд╣ै рднाрд░рддीрдпो рдХी рд╕्рд╡ाрдзीрдирддा рдкाрдиे рдХी рд╡िрдЪाрд░рдзाрд░ा। рдЗрд╕рдХे рд▓िрдП рдпрд╣ рднी рдЖрд╡рд╢्рдпрдХ рдеा рдХि рдорд▓рдХा рд╡िрдХ्рдЯोрд░िрдпा рдХी рдордорддाрдордпी рдЫрд╡ि рд╕े рдЙрдкрд░ рдЙрда рдХрд░ рднाрд░рддीрдп рдирд░ рдиाрд░ी рд╕्рд╡рддंрдд्рд░ рджेрд╢ рдХे рд╡िрдЪाрд░ рдХो рд╕рд░्рд╡ोрдд्рддрдо рдоाрдиें। рдорд╣рд░्рд╖ि рджрдпाрдиंрдж рдиे рдпрд╣ рдмीрдб़ा рд╕्рд╡рдпं рдЙрдаाрдпा рддрдеा рдЕрдкрдиे рд▓ेрдЦрди рдФрд░ рдк्рд░рд╡рдЪрди рдоें рдЗрд╕рдХा рдк्рд░рддिрдкाрджрди рдХिрдпा। рдЗрд╕ рддрде्рдп рдХा рдк्рд░рдоाрдг рд╣ै рдорд╣ाрди рдЧ्рд░ंрде рд╕рдд्рдпाрд░्рде рдк्рд░рдХाрд╢।
рд╕рдд्рдпाрд░्рде рдк्рд░рдХाрд╢ рдХे рдЕрд╖्рдЯрдо рд╕рдо्рдоुрд▓ाрд╕ рдоे рдорд╣рд░्рд╖ि рджрдпाрдиंрдж рдиे рдЙрдкрд░ोрдХ्рдд рд╡िрдЪाрд░ рдзाрд░ा рдХी рдкुрд╖्рдЯि рдХрд░рддे рд╣ुрдП рд▓िрдЦा-
рдХोрдИ рдХिрддрдиा рд╣ी рдХрд░े рдкрд░ंрддु рдЬो рд╕्рд╡рджेрд╢ी рд░ाрдЬ्рдп рд╣ोрддा рд╣ै, рд╡рд╣ рд╕рд░्рд╡ोрдкрд░ि рдЙрдд्рддрдо рд╣ोрддा рд╣ै...рдордд рдорддाрддंрд░ рдХे рдЖрдЧ्рд░рд╣ рд░рд╣िрдд рдЕрдкрдиे рдФрд░ рдкрд░ाрдП рдХा рдкрдХ्рд╖рдкाрдд рд╢ूрди्рдп, рдк्рд░рдЬा рдкрд░ рдоाрддा рдкिрддा рд╕рдоाрди рдХृрдкा, рди्рдпाрдп рдФрд░ рджрдпा рдХे рд╕ाрде рднी – рд╡िрджेрд╢िрдпो рдХा рд░ाрдЬ्рдп рдкूрд░्рдг рд╕ुрдЦрджाрдпрдХ рдирд╣ी рд╣ै।
рдЙрди्рдиीрд╕рд╡ीं рд╢рддाрдм्рджी рдоे рднाрд░рдд рдоें рдЕंрдЧ्рд░ेрдЬ़ो рдХा рд╢ाрд╕рди рдорд╣рд░्рд╖ि рджрдпाрдиंрдж рдХे рдЙрдкрд░ोрдХ्рдд рд╡िрдЪाрд░ो рдХो рдХ्рд░ांрддिрдХाрд░ी рдоाрдирддा рдеा рдФрд░ рдм्рд░िрдЯिрд╢ рд╕ाрдорд░ाрдЬ्рдп рдХे рд╡िрд░ुрдж्рдз рд╡िрдк्рд▓рд╡ рдФрд░ рд╡िрдж्рд░ोрд╣ рдХी рд╕ंрдЬ्рдЮा рдЗрд╕े рджेрддा рдеा। рдпрд╣ рдиिрдбрд░ рд╕рди्рдпाрд╕ी рдХा рд╣ी рдЖрдд्рдорд╡िрд╢्рд╡ाрд╕ рдФрд░ рдЖрдд्рдордмрд▓ рдеा рдЬो рдЕрдХेрд▓े рдм्рд░िрдЯिрд╢ рд╕ाрдорд░ाрдЬ्рдп рдХे рдмрд╡ंрдбрд░ рдХो рдЭेрд▓ рд╕рдХрддा рдеा। рдпрд╣ी рдирд╣ीं, рд╕्рдеाрди рд╕्рдеाрди рдкрд░ рдорд╣рд░्рд╖ि рджрдпाрдиंрдж рдиे рдЖрд░्рдп рд╕рдоाрдЬ рдХी рд╕्рдеाрдкрдиा рдХी, рдЕрдиाрдеाрд▓рдп рдЦोрд▓े рдФрд░ рд╕ंрд╕्рдХृрдд рдкाрдард╢ाрд▓ाрдП рднी рдЦोрд▓ीं рдЬрд╣ां рд╡िрдж्рдпाрд░्рдеिрдпों рдФрд░ рдЖрд░्рдп рд╕рднाрд╕рджों рдХो рд╕рдд्рдпाрд░्рде рдк्рд░рдХाрд╢ рдоें рд▓िрдЦी рд╡िрдЪाрд░ рдзाрд░ा рд╕े рдмाрд░рдо्рдмाрд░ рдк्рд░рднाрд╡िрдд рдХिрдпा рдЬाрддा рдеा। рдЗрд╕ рд╡ैрдЪाрд░िрдХ рд╕्рд╡рддंрдд्рд░рддा рдЕрднिрдпाрди рдХा рдк्рд░рднाрд╡ рдирдИ рдкीрдв़ी рдкрд░ рдкрдб़рдиा рд╕्рд╡ाрднाрд╡िрдХ рдеा। рд▓ाрд▓ा рд▓ाрдЬрдкрдд рд░ाрдп рдиे рдЬрдм рдЬрдм рдЕंрдЧ्рд░ेрдЬ़ो рдХे рд╡िрд░ुрдж्рдз рдХाрд░्рдпрд╡ाрдИ рдХी рдФрд░ рдЙрдирдХे рдмрдб़े рдк्рд░рд╢ाрд╕рдХों рдХी рдпोрдЬрдиाрдУं рдХो рднाрд░рдд рд╡िрд░ोрдзी рдмрддाрдпा рддो рдпрд╣ рд╕рджैрд╡ рдХрд╣ा рдХि рдпрд╣ рдк्рд░ेрд░рдгा рдЙрди्рд╣े рдЕрдкрдиे рдзрд░्рдо рдкिрддा рдорд╣рд░्рд╖ि рджрдпाрдиंрдж рд╕े рдоिрд▓ी। рд▓ाрд╣ौрд░ рдоें рд╕ाрдЗрдорди рдХрдоीрд╢рди рдХा рд╡िрд░ोрдз рдХрд░рддे рд╣ुрдП рдЕрдкрдиी рдврд▓рддी рдЖрдпु рдоे рднी рд▓ाрд▓ा рд▓ाрдЬрдкрдд рд░ाрдп рдиे рдЕंрдЧ्рд░ेрдЬ़ों рдХी рд▓ाрдаिрдпां рд╕рд╣ीं рдФрд░ рдЙрди рдЪोрдЯों рдХी рд╡рдЬрд╣ рд╕े рдЙрдирдХा рдк्рд░ाрдгांрдд рд╣ुрдЖ। рднाрд░рдд рдХी рд╕्рд╡рддंрдд्рд░рддा рдХी рд╡ेрджी рдкрд░ рд▓ाрд▓ा рд▓ाрдЬрдкрдд рд░ाрдп рдХा рдмрд▓िрджाрди рдЙрд▓्рд▓ेрдЦрдиीрдп рд╣ै।
рд╕्рд╡рддंрдд्рд░рддा рд╕ंрдЧ्рд░ाрдо рдоे рдЖрд░्рдп рдЧुрд░ुрдХुрд▓
рдорд╣ाрдд्рдоा рдоुрд╢ींрд░ाрдо рдиे рдорд╣рд░्рд╖ि рджрдпाрдиंрдж рдХे рд╕्рд╡ाрдзीрдирддा рд╕ंрдмंрдзी рд╡िрдЪाрд░ो рд╕े рдк्рд░ेрд░рдгा рд▓ेрддे рд╣ुрдП рдРрд╕ी рд╢िрдХ्рд╖ा рд╕ंрд╕्рдеा рд╢ुрд░ु рдХी рдЬрд╣ां рдХिрд╢ोрд░ो рдФрд░ рдпुрд╡ा рд╡рд░्рдЧ рдоे рд╡ैрдЪाрд░िрдХ рд╕्рд╡ाрдзीрдирддा рдк्рд░рдоुрдЦ рд╣ो। рдЗрд╕рдХे рд▓िрдП рдЖрд╡рд╢्рдпрдХ рдеा рд▓ॉрд░्рдб рдоैрдХॉрд▓े рдХी рд╢िрдХ्рд╖ा рд╕े рдЕрд▓рдЧ рд╣рдЯ рдХрд░ рд╡ैрджिрдХ рд╢िрдХ्рд╖ा рдкрдж्рдзрддि рдХो рд▓ाрдЧू рдХрд░рдиा। рдЧुрд░ुрдХुрд▓ рдХांрдЧрдб़ी рд╣рд░िрдж्рд╡ाрд░ рдиे рдпрд╣ рдХाрд░्рдп рднрд▓ि рднाрддिं рдФрд░ рд╕ुрдЪाрд░ु рд░ुрдк рд╕े рдХिрдпा। рд╣рд░ рдирдпा рдм्рд░рд╣्рдордЪाрд░ी рдЕрдкрдиे рд╡्рдпрдХ्рддिрдд्рд╡ рдХा рд╡िрдХाрд╕ рддो рдХрд░рддा рд╣ी рдеी рдХिंрддु рд╕ाрде рд╕ाрде рджेрд╢ рдХो рд╕्рд╡ाрдзीрди рдХрд░рдиे рдХे рд▓िрдП рд╕рд░्рд╡рд╕्рд╡ рди्рдпोрдЫाрд╡рд░ рдХрд░рдиे рдХो рднी рддрдд्рдкрд░ рд░рд╣рддा рдеा। рдЧुрд░ुрдХुрд▓ рдХे рдЕрдиेрдХ рд╡िрдж्рдпाрд░्рдеी рд╕्рд╡рддंрдд्рд░рддा рд╕ंрдЧ्рд░ाрдо рдоे рдХूрдж рдкрдб़े।
рдм्рд░िрдЯिрд╢ рд╢ाрд╕рди рдХे рдЧुрдк्рддрдЪрд░ рд╡िрднाрдЧ рдиे рдкрд╣рд▓े рд▓рдЦрдирдК рдлिрд░ рджिрд▓्рд▓ी рддрдХ рдпрд╣ рд░िрдкोрд░्рдЯ рднेрдЬी рдХि рдЧुрд░ूрдХुрд▓ рдХांрдЧрдб़ी рдоे рддो рдмрдо рдмрдиाрдП рдЬाрддे рд╣ैं рдФрд░ рдХ्рд░ांрддिрдХाрд░ी рддैрдпाрд░ рдХिрдП рдЬाрддे рд╣ैं рдЬो рдм्рд░िрдЯिрд╢ рд╕ाрдорд░ाрдЬ्рдп рдХी рдЬрдб़ें рднाрд░рдд рд╕े рдЙрдЦाрдб़рдиे рдХे рд▓िрдП рдЕрдкрдиे рдЬीрд╡рди рдХा рдмрд▓िрджाрди рджेрдиे рдХे рд▓िрдП рднी рддैрдпाрд░ рд╣ैं। рдпूрдкी рдпाрдиि рдпूрдиाрдЗрдЯेрдб рдк्рд░ोрд╡िंрд╕ेрдЬ़ рдХे рдЧрд╡рд░्рдирд░ рд╕рд░ рдЬेрдо्рд╕ рдоेрд╕्рдЯрди, рд▓ंрджрди рдоे рдм्рд░िрдЯेрд╢ рд╕ंрд╕рдж рдоे рдк्рд░рддिрдкрдХ्рд╖ рдиेрддा рд╕рд░ рд░ैрдордЬ़े рдоैрдХ़рдбॉрдирд▓्рдб рд╕рдордп рд╕рдордп рдкрд░ рд╕्рд╡рдпं рдЧुрд░ुрдХुрд▓ рдЧрдП । рдЙрди्рд╣ोрдиे рдЧुрд░ुрдХुрд▓ рдХे рдк्рд░рдгेрддा рдПрд╡ं рдоुрдЦ्рдп рдЕрдзिрд╖्рдаाрддा рдорд╣ाрдд्рдоा рдоुंрд╢ीрд░ाрдо рд╕े рдЧुрд░ुрдХुрд▓ рдоे рдмрдо рдмрдиाрдП рдЬाрдиे рдХे рдЕрдлрд╡ाрд╣ो рдХी рдЪрд░्рдЪा рднी рдХी। рдЕрдлрд╡ाрд╣ рдиिрд░ाрдзाрд░ рдиिрдХрд▓ी। рдоुंрд╢ीрд░ाрдо рдЬी рдиे рдХрд╣ा рдХि рдЧुрд░ुрдХुрд▓ рдХा рд╣рд░ рдм्рд░рд╣्рдордЪाрд░ी рдЕрдкрдиे рдЖрдк рдоे рдПрдХ рд╡ैрдЪाрд░िрдХ рдмрдо рд╣ै, рд╕рдоाрдЬ рд╕ुрдзाрд░рдХ рд╣ै рдФрд░ рд╡ैрджिрдХ рд╡िрдЪाрд░рдзाрд░ा рд╕े рдУрддрдк्рд░ोрдд рд╣ै। рдорд╣ाрдд्рдоा рдЬी рд╕े рдмाрддрдЪीрдд рдХрд░ рдХे рдмрдб़े рдмрдб़े рдЕंрдЧ्рд░ेрдЬ़ рдкрджाрдзिрдХाрд░ी рдЖрд╢्рд╡рд╕्рдд рд╣ुрдП рдХि рдЧुрд░ुрдХुрд▓ рдоे рдирдИ рд╢िрдХ्рд╖ा рдк्рд░рдгाрд▓ी рдоैрдХॉрд▓े рдк्рд░рдгाрд▓ी рдХा рдк्рд░рддिрдЙрдд्рддрд░ рдеा рдФрд░ рдЙрд╕рд╕े рдм्рд░िрдЯिрд╢ рд╕ाрдорд░ाрдЬ्рдп рдХा рдХोрдИ рдЕрд╣िрдд рдирд╣ी рд╣ोрдиे рд╡ाрд▓ा рдеा। рд╕ंрднрд╡рдд: рдпрд╣ рдЙрдирдХी рднूрд▓ рдеी। рдЧुрд░ुрдХुрд▓ рдХे рдЕрдиेрдХ рд╕्рдиाрддрдХ, рд╡िрдж्рдпाрд▓ंрдХाрд░, рд╡ेрджाрд▓ंрдХाрд░ рдХी рдЙрдкाрдзिрдпो рд╕े рд╡िрднूрд╖िрдд, рди рдХेрд╡рд▓ рдЕंрдЧ्рд░ेрдЬ़ो рд╕े рд▓рдб़рддे рд╣ुрдП рдЬेрд▓ рдЧрдП рдмрд▓्рдХि рдиिрдЬ़ाрдо рд╣ैрджрд░ाрдмाрдж рдж्рд╡ाрд░ा рдЖрд░्рдп рд╕рдоाрдЬों рдФрд░ рд╢ेрд╖ рд╣िंрджू рд╕рдоाрдЬ рдкрд░ рдХिрдП рдЬा рд░рд╣े рдЕрдд्рдпाрдЪाрд░ों рдХे рд╡िрд░ोрдз рдоे рдЙрди्рд╣ोрдиे рдЖंрджोрд▓рди рдХिрдпा рдФрд░ рдХрдаिрдиाрдИंрдпो рдХो рдЭेрд▓рддे рд╣ुрдП рд╡िрдЬрдпी рд╣ुрдП।
рд╕्рд╡рддंрдд्рд░рддा рдХी рд▓ौ рдЬो рдорд╣рд░्рд╖ि рджрдпाрдиंрдж рд╕рд░рд╕्рд╡рддी рдж्рд╡ाрд░ा рдк्рд░рддрдкाрджिрдд рд╡ैрджिрдХ рд╡िрдЪाрд░рдзाрд░ा рдиे рдк्рд░рдЬ्рдЬ्рд╡рд▓िрдд рдХी рд╡ो рдЖрдЬ рднी рд╕рдЬीрд╡ рд╣ै। рдЕрдиेрдХ рдРрд╕े рдирд╡рдпुрд╡рдХ рд╣ैं рдЬिрди्рд╣े рд╕рдд्рдпाрд░्рде рдк्рд░рдХाрд╢ рдиे рдоाрдирд╕िрдХ рд░ूрдк рд╕े рдк्рд░рднाрд╡िрдд рдХिрдпा рдФрд░ рдЬो рд╕्рд╡рджेрд╢ рд╕ुрд░рдХ्рд╖ा рдХी рд╡ेрджी рдкрд░ рд╕्рд╡рдпं рдЖрд╣ुрддि рдмрди рдЧрдП। 1999 рдХे рдХाрд░рдЧिрд▓ рдпुрдж्рдз рдоें рдРрд╕े рдмрд▓िрджाрди рд╣ो рдЬाрдиे рд╡ाрд▓े рдирд╡рдпुрд╡рдХो рдоे рдкрд╣рд▓े рдеे рдХैрдк्рдЯрди рд╕ौрд░рд╡ рдХाрд▓िрдпा। рд╡ो рдбी рдП рд╡ी рд╡िрдж्рдпाрд▓рдп рдкाрд▓рдордкुрд░ рд╣िрдоाрдЪрд▓ рдк्рд░рджेрд╢ рдХे рд╡िрдж्рдпाрд░्рдеी рдеे рдФрд░ рдЬрдм рдкाрдХिрд╕्рддाрдиी рд╕ेрдиा рдиे рдХ्рд░ूрд░рддा рд╕े рдЙрдирдХी рд╣рдд्рдпा рдХी рдФрд░ рд╢рд░ीрд░ рдХ्рд╖рдд рд╡िрдХ्рд╖рдд рдХिрдпा рддो рднी рдЙрди्рд╣ोрдиे рдЙрдл рдирд╣ी рдХिрдпा рдФрд░ рди рд╣ी рдХी рдХ्рд╖рдоा рдпाрдЪрдиा। рд╕ौрд░рд╡ рдХाрд▓िрдпा рдХे рдкिрддा рдиे рдЗрд╕ рдмрд▓िрджाрди рдХी рднाрд╡рдиा рдХे рдкीрдЫे рджрдпाрдиंрдж рд╡िрдж्рдпाрд▓рдп рдоें рдкाрдИ рд╢िрдХ्рд╖ा рдХो рд╢्рд░ेрдп рджिрдпा।
рд▓ैрдл्рдЯेрдиिंрдЯ рдордиोрдЬ рдкांрдбेрдп рдиे рдЦाрд▓ूрдмाрд░ рдХी рджुрд░्рдЧрдо рдЪोрдЯिрдпों рдкрд░ рджुрд╢्рдорди рд╕े рдпुрдж्рдз рдХрд░рддे рд╣ुрдП рдЕрдкрдиे рдЬीрд╡рди рдХी рдЪिंрддा рдирд╣ीं рдХी। рдЬрд╡ाрдиो рдХा рдордиोрдмрд▓ рдмрдв़ाрддे рд╣ुрдП рд╢рдд्рд░ु рдХी рдЧोрд▓िрдпों рдХो рд╢рд░ीрд░ рдкрд░ рд╕рд╣рди рдХрд░рддे рд╣ुрдП рд╡ो рдЖрдЧे рдмрдв़рддे рд░рд╣े рдФрд░ рдЖрдЦिрд░ рдоे рдЙрд╕ рд╕्рдеाрди рд╕े рд╢рдд्рд░ु рд╕ेрдиा рдХो рдЦрджेрдб़ рдХрд░ рд╣ी рджрдо рд▓िрдпा। рдЧंрднीрд░ рдШाрд╡ों рдХे рдХाрд░рдг рд╡े рд╡ीрд░рдЧрддि рдХो рдк्рд░ाрдк्рдд рд╣ुрдП। рдЖрд░्рдп рдкрд░िрд╡ाрд░ рдоे рдкрд▓े рдЙрд╕ рдирд╡рдпुрд╡рдХ рдХा рдЕंрддिрдо рд╕ंрд╕्рдХाрд░ – рд╕ंрд╕्рдХाрд░ рд╡िрдзि рдХे рдЕрдиुрд╕ाрд░ рдХिрдпा рдЧрдпा । рд░ाрд╖्рдЯ्рд░ рдиे рд▓ैрдл्рдЯेрдиिंрдЯ рдордиोрдЬ рдкांрдбेрдп рдХो рд╕рд░्рд╡ोрдЪ्рдЪ рд╡ीрд░рддा рдкрджрдХ рдкрд░рдорд╡ीрд░ рдЪрдХ्рд░ рд╕े рдорд░рдгोрдкрд░ांрдд рд╕рдо्рдоाрдиिрдд рдХिрдпा।
рд╕्рд╡рджेрд╢ рд╕ुрд░рдХ्рд╖ा, рд░ाрд╖्рдЯ्рд░ीрдп рдХрд░्рддрд╡्рдп рд╣ै। рджिрди рдк्рд░рддिрджिрди рд╣рдоे рд╕рдЬрдЧ рд░рд╣рддे рдХी рдЖрд╡рд╢्рдпрдХрддा рд╣ै। рди рдХेрд╡рд▓ рд╕рд╢рд╕्рдд्рд░ рд╕ेрдиाрдУ рдХो рдмрд▓्рдХि рдкूрд░े рд░ाрд╖्рдЯ्рд░ рдХो рд╢ाрд░ीрд░िрдХ, рдоाрдирд╕िрдХ рдФрд░ рдЖрдд्рдоिрдХ рд░ूрдк рд╕े рдмрд▓рд╡ाрди рдмрдирдиा рд╣ै рдЬिрд╕рд╕े рд╣рдо рд╕्рд╡рддंрдд्рд░рддा рд╕ंрдЧ्рд░ाрдо рдХी рдорд╣ाрди рдкрд░ंрдкрд░ा рд╕े рдкीрдв़ी рджрд░ рдкीрдв़ी рдХो рджेрд╢ рдк्рд░ेрдо рдХी рдк्рд░ेрд░рдгा рджेрддे рд░рд╣ें।
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рдм्рд░िрдЧेрдбिрдпрд░ рдЪिрддрд░ंрдЬрди рд╕ाрд╡ंрдд, рд╡ी.рдПрд╕.рдПрдо
рдЙрдкрд╡рди
609, рд╕ेрдХ्рдЯрд░ 29
рдЕрд░ुрдг рд╡िрд╣ाрд░
рдиोрдПрдбा – 201 303. рднाрд░рдд
рд╕ेрд▓рдлोрди – 0091-9811173590
рдЗрдоेрд▓ – sawantg.chitranjan@gmail.com
Tuesday, August 25, 2009
INDIAN ARMY CHIEF TASTES BRITISH AUSTERITY
AUM
INDIAN ARMY CHIEF TASTES BRITISH AUSTERITY
By Brigadier Chitranjan Sawant,VSM
General Deepak Kapoor, top most commanding general of the Indian Army went round the defence establishments of the United Kingdom to update his knowledge about what was cooking in India’s former colonial master’s kitchen. The British Army Chief also drops in off and on to take a look at the Indian army that his ancestors had raised, trained and led into battle. After all old colleagues on back slapping terms must visit each other’s country to compare notes. Absolutely fine and traditional.
When the British officers of high and middle ranks visit their old units and regiments they are looked after well. There is wining and dining galore. The officers mess hosting the dinner or lunch takes out its finest silver collected or captured in post victory loot euphemistically called spoils of war. With great pride young officers narrate the regimental history in battles won or lost from Ghazni to Ghaza and from Faizabad to Flanders and associate the silverware to the places and events of historical importance. The menu of the meal to be served for the British officers is scrutinized not only by the president of the mess committee who also doubles up as the second-in-command of the outfit but also by the wife of the commanding officer who had done a course in cookery in her school days. The mess havildar or the steward is briefed and briefed again that chicken legs must be soft but meat and bone must remain intact. When the commanding officer declares that everything is ship shape the British officers are ushered in and treated like Maharajahs. The Indian hospitality puts its best foot forward.
Let us move to the Kensington Palace in London, UK. General Deepak Kapoor, Chief of the Indian Army Staff is on an official visit and is invited by his counterpart General Sir Richard Dannatt to an official get together. Indeed, Kensington Palace is an important place and some of the Royal family members including Prince Charles and his family lived there. Foreign dignitaries are also entertained there in a place earmarked for the purpose. As a matter of protocol the Indian High Commissioner to the United Kingdom, Shiv Mukherjee was one of the dignitaries invited. Was there an army band in attendance to play some martial music? Not sure if it was there or was cut out as the first step in British austerity.
It would be a good idea to take a look at the menu for the visiting dignitary, the Indian Army Chief. What would you like to drink, the host enquired of guests. Without waiting for a reply he signalled wine to be served. My goodness! What a cheap wine it was. Tasting is believing. In India nothing short of a single malt Scotch whisky would be served on an important occasion like this. Mind you the incident being narrated took place before boycott of Scotch whisky following premature release of the Lockerbie bomber and his royal reception in Libya. Anyway, good guests do not crib and the Indian Army Chief is well known for his good manners. The main meal followed. Entry and starter need not be mentioned in detail as the column space is limited. It is understood from reliable sources that General Kapoor was served a meal consisting of” pastry, cheese and salmon”. The insiders confide that it was bought off the shelf from a mass retail chain. No further comments, please.
A word on cost of the meal would be in order. It cost GBP(Great Britain Pound) 5.15 per plate. You see the British Army does everything with aplomb, be it making love or fighting a war. Indeed in these days of recession, austerity in hospitality must be observed meticulously. Never mind if the guest goes home hungry and diplomacy goes down in dumps. After all the British themselves recount the saying “penny wise Pound foolish”; whatever that may mean.
Address. UPVAN, 609, Sector 29, NOIDA – 201303, INDIA.
Mobile : 0091-9811173590. Phone : 0091-120-2454622.Email: sawantg.chitranjan@gmail.com
INDIAN ARMY CHIEF TASTES BRITISH AUSTERITY
By Brigadier Chitranjan Sawant,VSM
General Deepak Kapoor, top most commanding general of the Indian Army went round the defence establishments of the United Kingdom to update his knowledge about what was cooking in India’s former colonial master’s kitchen. The British Army Chief also drops in off and on to take a look at the Indian army that his ancestors had raised, trained and led into battle. After all old colleagues on back slapping terms must visit each other’s country to compare notes. Absolutely fine and traditional.
When the British officers of high and middle ranks visit their old units and regiments they are looked after well. There is wining and dining galore. The officers mess hosting the dinner or lunch takes out its finest silver collected or captured in post victory loot euphemistically called spoils of war. With great pride young officers narrate the regimental history in battles won or lost from Ghazni to Ghaza and from Faizabad to Flanders and associate the silverware to the places and events of historical importance. The menu of the meal to be served for the British officers is scrutinized not only by the president of the mess committee who also doubles up as the second-in-command of the outfit but also by the wife of the commanding officer who had done a course in cookery in her school days. The mess havildar or the steward is briefed and briefed again that chicken legs must be soft but meat and bone must remain intact. When the commanding officer declares that everything is ship shape the British officers are ushered in and treated like Maharajahs. The Indian hospitality puts its best foot forward.
Let us move to the Kensington Palace in London, UK. General Deepak Kapoor, Chief of the Indian Army Staff is on an official visit and is invited by his counterpart General Sir Richard Dannatt to an official get together. Indeed, Kensington Palace is an important place and some of the Royal family members including Prince Charles and his family lived there. Foreign dignitaries are also entertained there in a place earmarked for the purpose. As a matter of protocol the Indian High Commissioner to the United Kingdom, Shiv Mukherjee was one of the dignitaries invited. Was there an army band in attendance to play some martial music? Not sure if it was there or was cut out as the first step in British austerity.
It would be a good idea to take a look at the menu for the visiting dignitary, the Indian Army Chief. What would you like to drink, the host enquired of guests. Without waiting for a reply he signalled wine to be served. My goodness! What a cheap wine it was. Tasting is believing. In India nothing short of a single malt Scotch whisky would be served on an important occasion like this. Mind you the incident being narrated took place before boycott of Scotch whisky following premature release of the Lockerbie bomber and his royal reception in Libya. Anyway, good guests do not crib and the Indian Army Chief is well known for his good manners. The main meal followed. Entry and starter need not be mentioned in detail as the column space is limited. It is understood from reliable sources that General Kapoor was served a meal consisting of” pastry, cheese and salmon”. The insiders confide that it was bought off the shelf from a mass retail chain. No further comments, please.
A word on cost of the meal would be in order. It cost GBP(Great Britain Pound) 5.15 per plate. You see the British Army does everything with aplomb, be it making love or fighting a war. Indeed in these days of recession, austerity in hospitality must be observed meticulously. Never mind if the guest goes home hungry and diplomacy goes down in dumps. After all the British themselves recount the saying “penny wise Pound foolish”; whatever that may mean.
Address. UPVAN, 609, Sector 29, NOIDA – 201303, INDIA.
Mobile : 0091-9811173590. Phone : 0091-120-2454622.Email: sawantg.chitranjan@gmail.com
Saturday, August 22, 2009
PEOPLE PREVAILED TEROORIST TROUNCED
AUM
PEOPLE PREVAILED TERRORISTS TROUNCED
By Brigadier Chitranjan Sawant,VSM
Kabul to Kandhar and Hindu Kush to Helmand- the story was the same with shades and colours varying. The ballot had beaten the bullet in the national elections in Afghanistan to elect a President of the country and 420 members of provincial assemblies. Of the 17 million registered voters only 40 to 50 percent turned up to exercise their franchise as per an unofficial estimate. Of a score plus in the fray for the post of the top executive, only two are serious contenders. The present incumbent Hamid Karzai , a Pashtun educated in USA and a former darling of Washington now professing an independent foreign policy; and Abdullah Abdullah an ethnic Tajik from the northern Afghanistan who is a soft spoken eye surgeon and once was a foreign minister under Karzai. The latter is not predicted to win but will become a stumbling block for the former and may force a second ballot within two weeks of the counting of the first. More on that a little later.
TALIBAN TERRORISTS MISCALCULATED
The Taliban terrorists had deliberately leaked their sexed up plans of infiltrating into the capital Kabul and southern city of Kandhar to launch major bombings and stage gun duels to disrupt polls. Nothing of that sort happened. They did manage to attract attention by making a tally of 76 in gun firefight and bumping off 26 compatriots. The tally did not go up because the Afghan security forces were on full alert throughout and they were ably backed by the NATO forces. Killing of two Taliban terrorists in Kabul and capture of their third colleague proves the high degree of preparedness to beat terrorists back and not let them disrupt the polls. Of course, if one looks at the figure of voter turnout one may concede the point that Taliban terrorists succeeded in instilling fear of losing life or limb if people dared to exercise their right of franchise. The threat of terrorists was that if they see Afghan men and women with fingers sporting indelible ink as a proof of voting, the fingers would be cut. Everyone knows that terrorists have no compassion and they may go to any length to intimidate the law abiding citizens to prove that the government of the day is non-functional. On the other hand the Kabul administration backed by the Obama administration was equally determined to ensure a free and fair poll without violence. In the opinion of impartial observers who toured the booths in the North and the South, the Afghan elections could be termed as fair and open. It is a soothing feeling to know that terrorists did not succeed in severing fingers bearing indelible ink as a proof of participating in the democratic process.
Women in the Afghan society are by and large non-entities. However, they made their presence felt in all major cities. They were not much in evidence in rural areas and non-descript towns. The first woman to vote in Kabul was none other than the wife of President Hamid Karzai. She was calm and composed and betrayed no sign of fear of terrorists. Indeed both the husband and wife voted in a polling booth near the Presidential Palace and had been provided a heavy security cover. Moreover, there were two women candidates too in the fray. The political observers do not rate their chances of making a dent in votes of serious candidates as high. Anyway they will go down in history as women candidates who challenged established male candidates in a male dominated Islamic society. As mentioned earlier in another despatch by this correspondent one of the female candidates always dressed as a man to merge in the milieu. We must give due credit to women voters too. Wearing Burqas or just head scarves they came out of the house despite Taliban warning and exercised their franchise. One may safely surmise that the Afghan social set up is undergoing a change for the better. A word of warning to the progressive elements in the society should be sounded. The bearded Mullahs of the old and archaic school may be down but they are not yet out.
OUTCOME AT HUSTINGS
The polling is over. It had started at 7 AM and went on till 4 PM on 20 August 2009. At some booths extra time was officially allowed to make up for the administrative delays. In any case, all those who had lined up in the booth before the expiry time were allowed to vote. Where do the Afghans go from here? Well, a success is a success, howsoever moderate it may be. The age old saying is – Nothing succeeds like success. Despite the low turnout 50 percent or so compared to 70 percent or so in the first presidential election in 2004, 9.5 million Afghan men and women have voted this year. Who can ignore their preference for a democracy? Not even the Kalashnikov wielding terrorists. The people’s power is stronger than the terror power. In Afghanistan the power now comes out of the ballot box and not out of the gun. The social and political environment is undergoing a change. What will be the outcome of this poll? It is hard to predict but we may speculate.
The South has not come out to vote in full strength. The Pashtoons live in the southern Afghanistan. Comparatively speaking the North has been more enthusiastic in going to the polling booths and voting. But we cannot be oblivious of the fact that there are more voters among Pashtuns than among Tajiks and they can tilt the balance.The Tajiks, Hazras, and the warlords like General Rashid Dostum live in the North. So does Abdullah Abdullah. Of course, Dostum has pledged his support to Karzai despite the latter being a Pashtun. One wonders if the old tribal loyalties are now crumbling like the Berlin Wall. The results alone will tell. The manual counting has begun but it may not be before early September that results are out unofficially. If Karzai succeeds in getting 50 percent or more of the total votes polled, he will be declared a winner and enjoy a second term in office. If he fails there, then there will be a second round of voting between the two candidates polling the highest number of votes and standing first and second. Thus karzai and Abdullah may stand eyeball to eyeball once again. The voters will have a second opportunity to choose the President of Afghanistan. Political pundits wish to bet on Karzai as the winner in the second round. May I suggest that we stay neutral and keep our fingers crossed for peaceful poll in October 2009 or whenever. May God be with both Hamid Karzai and Abdullah Abdullah! May God be with the people of Afghanistan in their fight against the Taliban terrorists!
UPVAN, 609, Sector 29, NOIDA – 201303, INDIA. Mob. 0091-9811173590.
PEOPLE PREVAILED TERRORISTS TROUNCED
By Brigadier Chitranjan Sawant,VSM
Kabul to Kandhar and Hindu Kush to Helmand- the story was the same with shades and colours varying. The ballot had beaten the bullet in the national elections in Afghanistan to elect a President of the country and 420 members of provincial assemblies. Of the 17 million registered voters only 40 to 50 percent turned up to exercise their franchise as per an unofficial estimate. Of a score plus in the fray for the post of the top executive, only two are serious contenders. The present incumbent Hamid Karzai , a Pashtun educated in USA and a former darling of Washington now professing an independent foreign policy; and Abdullah Abdullah an ethnic Tajik from the northern Afghanistan who is a soft spoken eye surgeon and once was a foreign minister under Karzai. The latter is not predicted to win but will become a stumbling block for the former and may force a second ballot within two weeks of the counting of the first. More on that a little later.
TALIBAN TERRORISTS MISCALCULATED
The Taliban terrorists had deliberately leaked their sexed up plans of infiltrating into the capital Kabul and southern city of Kandhar to launch major bombings and stage gun duels to disrupt polls. Nothing of that sort happened. They did manage to attract attention by making a tally of 76 in gun firefight and bumping off 26 compatriots. The tally did not go up because the Afghan security forces were on full alert throughout and they were ably backed by the NATO forces. Killing of two Taliban terrorists in Kabul and capture of their third colleague proves the high degree of preparedness to beat terrorists back and not let them disrupt the polls. Of course, if one looks at the figure of voter turnout one may concede the point that Taliban terrorists succeeded in instilling fear of losing life or limb if people dared to exercise their right of franchise. The threat of terrorists was that if they see Afghan men and women with fingers sporting indelible ink as a proof of voting, the fingers would be cut. Everyone knows that terrorists have no compassion and they may go to any length to intimidate the law abiding citizens to prove that the government of the day is non-functional. On the other hand the Kabul administration backed by the Obama administration was equally determined to ensure a free and fair poll without violence. In the opinion of impartial observers who toured the booths in the North and the South, the Afghan elections could be termed as fair and open. It is a soothing feeling to know that terrorists did not succeed in severing fingers bearing indelible ink as a proof of participating in the democratic process.
Women in the Afghan society are by and large non-entities. However, they made their presence felt in all major cities. They were not much in evidence in rural areas and non-descript towns. The first woman to vote in Kabul was none other than the wife of President Hamid Karzai. She was calm and composed and betrayed no sign of fear of terrorists. Indeed both the husband and wife voted in a polling booth near the Presidential Palace and had been provided a heavy security cover. Moreover, there were two women candidates too in the fray. The political observers do not rate their chances of making a dent in votes of serious candidates as high. Anyway they will go down in history as women candidates who challenged established male candidates in a male dominated Islamic society. As mentioned earlier in another despatch by this correspondent one of the female candidates always dressed as a man to merge in the milieu. We must give due credit to women voters too. Wearing Burqas or just head scarves they came out of the house despite Taliban warning and exercised their franchise. One may safely surmise that the Afghan social set up is undergoing a change for the better. A word of warning to the progressive elements in the society should be sounded. The bearded Mullahs of the old and archaic school may be down but they are not yet out.
OUTCOME AT HUSTINGS
The polling is over. It had started at 7 AM and went on till 4 PM on 20 August 2009. At some booths extra time was officially allowed to make up for the administrative delays. In any case, all those who had lined up in the booth before the expiry time were allowed to vote. Where do the Afghans go from here? Well, a success is a success, howsoever moderate it may be. The age old saying is – Nothing succeeds like success. Despite the low turnout 50 percent or so compared to 70 percent or so in the first presidential election in 2004, 9.5 million Afghan men and women have voted this year. Who can ignore their preference for a democracy? Not even the Kalashnikov wielding terrorists. The people’s power is stronger than the terror power. In Afghanistan the power now comes out of the ballot box and not out of the gun. The social and political environment is undergoing a change. What will be the outcome of this poll? It is hard to predict but we may speculate.
The South has not come out to vote in full strength. The Pashtoons live in the southern Afghanistan. Comparatively speaking the North has been more enthusiastic in going to the polling booths and voting. But we cannot be oblivious of the fact that there are more voters among Pashtuns than among Tajiks and they can tilt the balance.The Tajiks, Hazras, and the warlords like General Rashid Dostum live in the North. So does Abdullah Abdullah. Of course, Dostum has pledged his support to Karzai despite the latter being a Pashtun. One wonders if the old tribal loyalties are now crumbling like the Berlin Wall. The results alone will tell. The manual counting has begun but it may not be before early September that results are out unofficially. If Karzai succeeds in getting 50 percent or more of the total votes polled, he will be declared a winner and enjoy a second term in office. If he fails there, then there will be a second round of voting between the two candidates polling the highest number of votes and standing first and second. Thus karzai and Abdullah may stand eyeball to eyeball once again. The voters will have a second opportunity to choose the President of Afghanistan. Political pundits wish to bet on Karzai as the winner in the second round. May I suggest that we stay neutral and keep our fingers crossed for peaceful poll in October 2009 or whenever. May God be with both Hamid Karzai and Abdullah Abdullah! May God be with the people of Afghanistan in their fight against the Taliban terrorists!
UPVAN, 609, Sector 29, NOIDA – 201303, INDIA. Mob. 0091-9811173590.
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